HIST 100: FINAL EXAM
59 Cards in this Set
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Guilds
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Lead to the development of universities
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Reconquista
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Series of struggles over the control of Spain, booted Muslims out of Spain
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What were some inventions during the Reconquista?
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Magnetic compass, eye glasses, spinning wheel
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Chivalry
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Code of knighthood
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Gothic
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Germanic and French artistic movement through architecture
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What's the difference between Classical and Gothic art?
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Classical: smooth, columns
Gothic: Stain glass, big, religious
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What is the significance of the Magna Carta?
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The first time law is not arbitrary, and power is bounded by law
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What are the 4 causes of the plague?
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God
Astronomical
Earthquake
Jews
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Joan of Arc
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French heroine, Lead French resistance to drive out England, Turns the tides for the French
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What are the four ways to cure the plague?
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God (beat yourself)
Jews (High Hygiene)
Earthquake (Pocket full of posies) (flowers)
Astrology (stars)
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Flagellant Movement
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Cure to the plague; whip yourself b/c you have the plague to have God understand your pain, gets rid of the plague
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Pogroms
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Believed Jews poisoned the wells with the plague, Jews become scapegoat
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What is the significance of the Great Schism
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Two or three popes "Counsel of Pisa", Break in the Catholic Church
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Who wrote "The Prince"?
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Niccolo Machiavelli
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What was "The Prince" about?
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Tretious during Renaissance, Taught kings how to act in modern state during renaissance
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Studia Humanitatis
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Study of Humanities, grammar, history, poetry, University dominates scholasticism
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Name one Artist in the Renaissance? And name one of his famous pieces.
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Leonardo Da Vinci. The Last Supper
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What was the significance of the Printing Press?
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Make books cheaper and allowed more access to them
Knowledge and Spelling were standardized
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What were some reasons why People explored to the New World?
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Money and power
Religion
Middle man trade between Europe/Asia/Africa
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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Split of land between Portuguese and Spain
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Triangular Trade
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Exchange of plants, animals and slaves from new world to old world (vise versa)
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Middle Passage
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The trade of slaves from Africa to New World (America)
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Caravel
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Type of ship used to transport slaves to New world, very harsh conditions for slaves
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(Colombian Exchange) What are 3 things that came from the new world to the old world?
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Tobacco, chili, potato
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What are 3 things that came from the old world to the new world?
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Chicken poxs, bananas, cows
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What's the significance of the Protestant Reformation?
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Several sections of Christianity emerged
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95 Theses
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Martin Luther: explains why the practices in the church were corrupt, meant to be an academic discussion, criticized the practice of pluralism
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What was the significance of the "95 Theses"?
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It made the church irrelevant, broke the Catholic Church, Translation of the bible to (German)
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Luther and the catholic church saw differently on the idea of faith? Describe how they differed.
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Catholic Church: truth of God is beyond doubt
Luther: Truth of God is not beyond doubt, trust in God's grace
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What are the differences between John Calvin and Martin Luther?
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Calvin: Christ spiritual in-bodied; predestination
Luther: Transubstantiation(believe the Christ is present) is wrong
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Predestination
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God chose people to survive
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What were the major changes in the Catholic Church?
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Sola Fide: justification by faith alone
Sola Scritura: all knowledge is necessary for salvation
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What are grievances found in 95 theses?
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Indulgences, Sacraments
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What was the legacy of Islam?
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Invented number 0, decimals, quadratic equation
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What was the significance of Christopher Columbus?
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Led to long history of native American conquest, disease, and slave labor
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The Incas discovered what?
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Romans South America
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Cortez discovered what?
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Aztecs
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Why were the Jews persecuted during the Dark ages?
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Weren't killed by plague because they had better hygiene , thought that they poisoned everyone else
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Why was Joan of Arc executed?
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Because she cross dressed
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How did the Mongolians succeed in war? How did they fail?
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Succeed: War technology
Fail: successor died and mongolian army had to go back to emperor to elect new empire
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Who was the 100 years between? How long did it last?
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French/England (116 years)
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What was the purpose of the Hundred Years War?
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England King wanted French throne, nothing end up happening
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Who were the first Europeans to discover the new world?
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The Vikings
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What was the significance of the Crusades?
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Only war sanctioned by pope in western history
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What was the crusades about?
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Christians attempt to win back holy land from Muslim control
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Who came up with the idea of Heliocentric model?
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Copernicus
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Who sought out elliptical orbits?
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Keppler
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Who used the telescope to confirm Heliocentric model?
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Galileo
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Who invented classical mechanics, laws of motion?
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Newton
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Humanism is what?
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Development of human potential, value individual
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Classicism is what?
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Rebirth of classics ideas, (art)
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Modern statecraft is what?
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Countries as you think of them today
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What did Luther not believe in, and was not in the bible?
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Confession
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What is conciliarism?
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Counsel of church officials elects a pope for catholic church
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Feudalism did what to Europe cities?
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Decentralized; 3 sections
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What are the 3 levels in Feudalism?
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Lords: Land owners
Vassals: mutual contract
Fiefs: Inherit Land
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Most holy building in Muslim religion?
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Ka'ba
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Who was the first person to venture into the Atlantic Ocean, for Portuguese expansion?
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Henry the Navigator
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How was the reformation of the Catholic Church made possible?
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The Printing Press
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HIST 100: MIDTERM SPRING