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PSYC 320 Exam 1
Perceptual Process |
sequence of processes that work together to determine our exp of and rxn to stimuli in the environment |
Environmental Stimuli |
All things in the environment that we can potentially perceive. |
Attended Stimuli |
The stimulus at the center of attention |
Stimulus on the Receptors |
stimulus transferred to sensory organ
Ex. image of moth on retina |
Transduction |
transformation of one type of energy into another
Ex. in the eye, light energy is transduced into chemical energy |
Neural Processing |
operations that transform electrical within a network of neurons or that transform the response of individual neurons |
Occipital Lobe |
responsible for vision
located at back of cortex |
Temporal Lobe |
Responsible for Hearing
side of cortex |
Parietal Lobe |
responsible for Touch
top of cortex |
Principle of Transformation |
Stimuli and responses created by stimuli are changed between the environmental stimulus and perception |
Principle of Representation |
Everything perceived is based on a representation of stimuli that are formed on receptors and activity in the persons nervous system. |
Bottom Up Processing |
processing that is based on incoming data |
Top Down Processing |
processing that is based on prior knowledge |
Psychophysical approach |
the use of quantitative methods to
measure relationships between stimuli and perception |
Physiological Approach |
Measuring the relationship between stimuli and physiological
processes. |
Absolute threshold |
Minimum stimulus necessary to detect
a stimulus. |
Difference Threshold |
The smallest difference between two stimuli that a person can detect. |
Weber's Law |
DL/S = K
DL - difference threshold
S - standard stimulus
K - constant |
Response compression |
The result when doubling the physical intensity of a stimulus less than doubles the subjective magnitude of the stimulus. |
Response Expansion |
The result when doubling the physical intensity of a stimulus more than doubles the subjective magnitude of the stimulus. |
Steven's Power Law |
A law concerning the relationship between the physical intensity of a stimulus and the perception of the subjective magnitude of the stimulus. The law states that P KSn, where P is perceived magnitude, K is a constant, S is the stimulus intensity, and n is an exponent. |
Action Potential |
Rapid increase in positive charge in a nerve fiber that travels down the fiber.
Also called the nerve impulse. |
Receptor Neurons |
neuron which are specialized
to respond to environmental stimuli |
Staining |
invented by Camillo Golgi
Dyes are injected into the nervous system that stain individual neurons but not the surrounding tissue.
enabled visualization of neurons |
Camillo Golgi |
Invented "staining" |
Bipolar Cell |
A retinal neuron that receives inputs from the visual receptors and sends signals to the retinal ganglion cells. |