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BCOR 380: Exam 1
Cheating
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the giving of less than fairly due while expecting the same reward as those who gave what was due
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Business Ethics
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the study of how to properly use one's economic and professional power with integrity
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Ethics is about.. Mature Behavior
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Self Discipline
responsibility
cooperativeness
fairness
professionalism
wisdom
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The 3 Entities of Business Ethics
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1) the self (me as a mind, person, or soul)
2) Humanity (social structures)
3) The World (everything not human)
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What is the SELF?
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the Existential Question
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Existentialism
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The philosophical study of self existence, especially with respect to one's inner tension between a desire to serve responsibility and a desire to be free
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What is HUMANITY?
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the Sociological Question
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Sociological
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of or pertaining to the dynamics of informal and formal human institutions
Families - Schools - Communities - religions - clubs
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What is the WORLD?
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the Ontological question
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Ontology
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the study of being
- what it means to say something exists or is real
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The Scientific Perspective
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the world is distance, time, and mass and things that can be empirically described
Ex. How many things are in the box?
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Empirical
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that which is known to the senses
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Idealism
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the view that only the mind's reconstruction of the world creates objects
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How would the SELF relate to the SELF
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the Anxiological question
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Anxiology "Value Theory"
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the study of values and how value judgements are made
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Decorum
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dressing (decorating the self) and behaving in the way expected by others
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How should the SELF relate to HUMANITY
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the Ethical question
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Philanthropy
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Love of humanity
Filo + Anthropes
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How should the SELF relate to the WORLD
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the Teleological question
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Teleology
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the study of purpose in life
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How should HUMANITY relate to the SELF
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the Justice question
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How should HUMANITY relate to HUMANITY
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the Political question
- the self perspective
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How should Humanity relate to the WORLD
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the Environmental question
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Environmental: Self Perspective
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I need to restructure my environment in ways that serve my needs
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Environmental: Social Perspective
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I need to restructure my environment in ways that serve my company's wants
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Environmental: Philosophical Perspective
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Everyone is best served when nature is preserved, as much as possible, in accord with its own history
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The Sustainability Approach
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came about in the 1980s incorporating financial opportunities with environmental and ethical responsibilities
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The THREE Pillars of Sustainability
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1) Economic
2) Environmental
3) Ethical Sustainability
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Sustainability
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the ability to meet a present need without compromising an ability to meet a future need
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Goals within the THREE Pillars
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1) Efficiency ------> Economic Goal
2) Preservation ------> Environmental Goal
3) Fairness ------> Humanitarian Goal
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Pragmatism
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the view that all actions should be directed toward serving basic human needs
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Value Chain
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the key functional inputs that an organization provides in the transformation of raw materials into a delivered product or service
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Value Added Tax
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a tax on each key functional input that an organization provides in the transformation of raw materials into a delivered product or service
- R&D -----> Quality
- Manufacturing ----> Production
- Marketing (& Advertising)
- Sales (HR ethics)
- Customer Service ( Finance and Accounting)
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Double Bottom Line
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this suggests that entrepreneurship not only offers financial rewards but self-fulfillment as well
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Triple Bottom Line
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this concept suggests that sustainability offers financial rewards, self-fulfillment rewards, and rewards to the larger society
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Attitudes toward nature
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- the Antropocentric
- the Ecocentric
- Brownfield
- Biomimicry
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the Antropocentric
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nature is to be reshaped so to fully accommodate human activities
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the Ecocoentric
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as much as possible, nature is to be preserved as it is
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Brownfield
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a piece of land so polluted that it is unusable
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Biomimicry
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refers to using natural processes for waste management and recycling
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Generation Fairness
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this relates to the use of resources that are infinite supply and cannot be replaced
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Ethical Relativism
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fundamental challenge to ethics, the view that only personal opinion, the traditions of one's society and the circumstances of the present moment define one's ethical principles
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Ground
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a statement or set of statements, that can be held as INCONTESTABLY VALID
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E.O. Watson Sociological Thesis
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ethics has its roots in nature
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Conformity Expectations
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these are governed by the unwritten rules of decorum and ethos
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Two kinds of certain knowledge
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- a Posteriori
- a Priori
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a Posteriori
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that which is known with certainty by senses
- knowledge gained "from AFTER" birth
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a Priori
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that which is known with certainty by inference
- knowledge gained "from BEFORE" birth
- innate common sense
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a Posteriori Knowledge
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objective sense knowledge only exists when all observers experience the same
IF - THEN Conditions
- Immanuel Kant argued that this proves all of us have the same mental framework
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IF - THEN Conditions require?
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a Casual World
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Ontological Structure of a case is different from the ontological structure of an effect
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...
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a Priori Knowledge
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Understanding and Ground
- this relates to those things we can known with certainty when we have no casual influence affecting our senses (innate common sense)
- that which is known with certainty by inference
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The belief the universe is expanding is neither an a posteriori truth nor an a priori inference, it is:
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an Analogical inference, hence a theory
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Analogical Inference
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the justification of a claim based upon a comparison of traits or circumstances
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Phenomenology
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the study of appearances of the mind
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Phenomenon
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the object as it appears to the mind
- Phenomena is Plural
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Epistemology
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the study of knowledge and the use of LOGIC to achieve certainty
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Skepticism
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the view that religious and metaphysical knowledge is always tentative (subject to change)
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Plato's Euthyphro
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the oldest recorded case of whistleblowing
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Moral Intellectualism
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morality is inherently rational and objective
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Voluntarism
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(the Skeptical View) is conditional and subjective
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Plato's Euthyphro
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...
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