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SOC 2010: EXAM 2
definitions of deviance come from? |
culture, historical, and situational norms |
deviant is what type of judgement? |
social not moral |
what is the function of deviance in functionalism |
help clarify moral boundaries and promote social cohesion |
structual strain theory |
in an unequal society the tension between socially approved goals and a person ability to achieve these goals through socially approved means will lead to deviance |
innovators |
accept society goals but not means in achieving them |
ritualists |
give up on societies goals but still don't break law |
rebels |
reject societies goals and means and create own goals and means |
retreatist |
rejectn goals and means |
conflict theory thoughts on deviance |
those with less power are more likely to be criminalized than those at the top |
social control |
norms rules and laws used to regulate behavior |
differienatl association theory |
we learn to be deviant from interactions with others who break the rules |
Labeling Theory |
behaviors are only deviant when society labeles them this way
-deviance doesn't exist outside of the context in which it is embedded
-nothing is inherently deviant
**If we eliminated labels we wouldn't have deviance** |
self fulfilling prophecy |
labels may cause individuals to act more deviant as a result of the label |
primary secondary teriary deviance |
1- thing that gets labeled (drug use)
2- a deviant idenity or career(RECOGNITION THEY ARE ADDICTS)
3- rejects deviance and redefines it as normal |
ex of self fulfilling prophecy |
police see black inner city as deviant so they are more likely to be looked at and get arrested |
Stigma |
Widespread negative perceptions of and prejudice toward a specific group of people such as those with mental illness. |
three types of stigma |
physical
tribal
moral
|
passing |
presenting yourself as not apart of sigmatized group |
in group orientation |
group that reject standards that sees their group as deviant |
outsiders |
those labeled as deviant |
Deviant identities... deviance avowal |
process by which an individual self identifies as deviant and initiates her own labeling process.
|
crime rates |
just because they are higher in a certain class doesn't mean more crime is being committed
|
desistance |
aging out of crime |
positive devince |
actions once considered deviant are now considered heroic |
social stratification |
division of society into groups arranged in social hearty |
caste system |
social class can't be changed |
ses |
measure of individuals place within social class |
social reproduction |
social class passed down from generation to generation |
characteristicsof social stratification |
heirachy, life opportunities, ranks |
social mobility
|
can change social class |
meritocracy |
hard work is rewarded |
why is wealth gap growing? |
1. capitalism
2. economic change( factories moved over seas)
3. jobs replaced by tech
4. decline in union
5. rich pay lower taxes |
function of mass incarceration? |
bunch of people involved in construction of prisons. politicians. |
inequality serves as what purpose? |
someone has to preform undesireable jobs and there has to be an insensitive to preferom higher level jobs. |
social class is determined by
|
income, power prestige, education, occupation |
income vs wealth |
income supplies basic needs wealth is assets property family house |
what makes up ses |
welath and income |
race |
socially defined category based on real or perceived biological differences between groups
|
race |
a socially defined catergoy based on real or perceived biological differences between groups
|