THAR 281: EXAM 2
31 Cards in this Set
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Louis XIV?
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- "The Sun King".
- Dominates this century during France going into the 1700's.
- He is the primary sponsor, he gives a national subsidy to the thetre of France.
- Made theatre popular
- Created Baroque style
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Racine
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-Tragic playwright
-He wanted to move people and grab their emotions
-Dramatic interests on internal struggle
-simple plots and complex characters
-late point of attack
-internal struggle is action
-Very well educated
-his masterpiece was Phedre
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Moliere
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-Comedic playwright
-come from family of playwrights
-educated and wealthy
-his comedies were a reflection of his world (hypocrisy of society)
-characters never changed from beginning to end
-his plays are still played today
-his master piece is the Tartuffe
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French Unities
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- Major part of French Neoclassical Theater
- French Plays had to follow
Time:
-Everything has to happen within 24 hours
Action:
-Has to be climatic
Place:
-Has to take place within as few places as possible
-Usually all action takes place in one room
· Unities…
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Deus Ex Machina
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"God in Machine"
-something previously unmentioned
-something coming in at the last minute to save the day
- Twilight, Dodgeball, Wtf
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What were some of the changes that occurred in English Restoration theatre?
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-Actresses permitted to perform
-Italian theatre technology incorporated
-noble audiences
-adoption of the unities
-willing acceptance of disbelief
-Theatre is indoors
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What is “willing suspension of disbelief”? Who coined this term? Hint: it’s Dryden
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The idea that we'll believe anything as long as it makes sense in a story
John Dryden
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What are the performative elements of Restoration theatre?
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-melodramatic (overemotional, exagerated)
- Broad
- Truth vs. realism
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What was the Enlightenment?
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"the age of reason"
- Challenged accepted ideas and established institutions
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What is a Sentimental Comedy? How is is structured?
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- sympathy
-characters were unnaturally good with easily solved problems
-good role models
-social instruction
-theatre wants to teach and please
- middle class characters
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Who is de Loutherbourg? Why is he important? What were his innovations?
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- english theatre designer
-made box sets ( sets with an interior room)
-still use candlelight during time, but he created special light designs to create mood, atmosphere, etc. with silk screens
-late 1800's there are oil lamps (can control dimness)
-does research for historical accu…
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Who is Diderot? What two genres did he suggest for the French theatre? What other term did he define?
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-French philosopher/writer
-helped create first encyclopedia (wanted an expansion of dramas in theatre)
-Drame Bourgeois-A tragedy (he wanted to add) that is about the middle class
-Comedies Larmoyante-Tearful comedy (french version of sentimental comedy)
-gave the name of 4th wall
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What are the Comedie Francaise, Opera,delarteand Comedie Italienne?
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Theater companies with monopolies
· Franciase: founded by sun god national theatre play performances
· Opera: Opera performances
· Italienne: Opera comique, sponsered by royal family
· No onecould produce these type of plays without the Specifie…
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What are the performative elements of 18th century English and French theatre?
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-women on stage
-learned to act on stage through apprenticeship
-typed actors
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what were some of the causes and world events during that time? When did the Romantic Period start?
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-America and French Revolutions
-Napoleon (uniter or divider)
-fills the power vacuum left from the revolutions
-he slowly works his way up the army until he becomes the head of the army(all the way to dictator for life)
-the romantic period started after napoleon was defeated in 1815…
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What are the tenets, or rules, of Romanticism?
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-German movement
-idea of individual liberty and freedom
-thought art connected you to a higher power
-reject neoclassicism unities
-Enlightenment
-Napoleon War
-art helps us reach utopia
-artists became important
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What elements are in a Melodrama play?
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-related to tragedy, but features sensational incidents
-emphasizes plot at the expense of characterization
-crude conflicts
-happy ending where good triumphs evil
- 3 acts
- poetic justice
- spectacle
- theatre no more social
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What is Goethe’s Faust?
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-a tragic play written by Johann Wolfgang
- famous german lit
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What is Uncle Tom's Cabin?
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-anti-slavery novel -written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
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What were the innovations of Wagner and The Duke of Saxe-Meiningen?
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-Wagner had his own theatre, created a unified production, gave lights out over audiences , no movement or sounds from the audience, every class sat together
-Duke had long rehearsals, real costume, authentic 3D crowd scenes, best actors
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What is a Well-Made Play?
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-cause and effect
-uncover secret
-confrontation scene
-all spoken on stage
-plot resolved completely
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English Restoration
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- Charles II in power (constitutional monarchy) until he is overthrown
- Period is influenced by French and glorious revolution
- Reign of Cromwell, fashion becomes dull, and arts are abandoned
- Charles II returns, Art and theatre spike up
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French Neoclassic Period
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- Religious turmoil (catholic v protestant) in France delayed theatre dev till 1600
- Edict of Nantes grants freedom of thought (stope killing protestants)
- L'académie Francaise judge of art (Cardinal Rich)
- Ballet and Opera were born
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Hobbes
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- English philosopher and political theory
- Leviathan Book
- Argues Absolute authority
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John Locke
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- English political philosopher whose theories on the natural rights of life, liberty and property,
- Two Treatises of Government
- Government was created to protect these rights, if not, rebel
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Philosophers of Enlightenment
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Montesquieu - operation of powers in government
Voltaire - religious tolerance
Rousseau - government should be responsible for its constituents
Descartes - Philosophy of the mind, what it means to have self knowledge
Diderot - Frenchie who made first encyclopedia
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Restoration Comedy
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British comedies of manner (making fun of behavior in society) Characters are outspoken and funny, plays move fast (farces), upper class characters, plots are well constructed,
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18th Century English Playwrights
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Lillo- the london merchant
sheridan- the rivals, she stops to conquer
goldsmith- school for scandal
centilivre- a bold stroke for a wife
cibber and faruhar- made plays about morals
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18th Century French Playwrights
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- Marivaux- writing style named after him
- Beaumarchais - mozart operas
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England Background 18th century
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queen anne-nice person, poor queen
kind george 1-4th
no longer absolute monarchy
politics were on the rise, they were part of daily lives
enlightenment- major philosophers, mozart, bach, fiction novels
licensing act 1737- plays must be licensed to perform
…
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France Background 18th century
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french revolution is here, france went to hell
louis 15th, 16th
supported american revolution
huge gap in material wealth between nobility and population
high taxes- on poop population, food shortages, gov pressure
french revolution 1789
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Study Guide: Exam 4