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OCNG 251: EXAM 2
calorie |
the amount of energy that must be added to one gram of liquid water to raise its temperature by one degree Centigrade is called? |
its ability to form hydrogen bonds |
which accounts for the unusual properties of water? |
3.5% |
dissolved substances comprise about what % of seawater? |
it remains constant until the ice melts; then it begins to rise |
a beaker contains a mixture of ice and pure water at 0 degrees. What happens to the temperature of the mixture as heat is added? |
electron sharing |
Covalent bonds form between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule because of? |
higher than |
The heat capacity of water is ________ most other liquids. |
high boiling point of water, lower density of ice as compared to liquid water, and very high heat of evaporation of water |
Hydrogen bonding is largely |
gold |
which element is not one of the ten most abundant elements in seawater? |
cools the surface water and leaves the salts behind |
when water evaporates from the ocean, it _____. |
4 |
in freshwater lakes, the surface water stops sinking when it passes ____ degrees Celsius. |
540 calories/gm |
the heat of vaporization of pure liquid water is ______. |
iron |
this element is a trace element. |
about 1 degree Centigrade |
the temperature of the surface waters of the open ocean vary in what way over a 24 hour period? |
FALSE |
true or false: the process of photosynthesis uses up oxygen. |
more oxygen and carbon dioxide are present in the oceans relative to nitrogen than in the atmosphere |
the same major gases that are found in the atmosphere are also found in the oceans. Which of the following statements is true? |
dissolved substances necessary for plant growth |
Nutrients are ______. |
7.4 - 8.4 |
the pH range in the ocean is roughly _____. |
10 |
of all the water that evaporates over the oceans, only about ___% falls on land masses. |
its high latitude origin |
the relatively high concentration of dissolved oxygen in the deeper layers of the ocean at the equator is mainly due to ______. |
rivers and volcanic activity along spreading centers |
dissolved substances in the ocean enter from two major sources. These are ______. |
carbon dioxide and water vapor |
absorption of outgoing radiation from earth is strongly affected by _____ in our atmosphere. |
100 years |
the residence time of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is _____. |