CHEM 101: EXAM 1
41 Cards in this Set
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Matter
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Anything that takes up space or surrounds us
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3 types of matter
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solid, liquid, gas
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What happens to matter when the temperature changes?
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It changes the spacing of particles and energy increases
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Mass
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measure of amount of matter that an object has
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Weight
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refers to force that gravity exerts on an object
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Law of conservation of matter
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no matter a chemical or physical change object will still have the same amount of matter
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Atoms
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smallest particle which keeps property (identity of the matter) Ex: Au (gold), He (helium), H (hydrogen), and O (oxygen)
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Molecules
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2 or more atoms bonded together
Ex: H2, O2, and H2O
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Solid
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particles fixed arrangement, locked in place, is rigid and has a definite shape
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Liquid
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particles in loose contact and they are in motion, and has no fixed arrangement
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Gas
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particles are widely spread, their location can be anywhere. Takes both the shape and volume of its container.
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Pure Substances
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any form of matter that has a uniform composition and cannot be separated by physical means.
Ex: sodium chloride, compounds, and elements
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Element
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simplest form of a pure substance, only has 1 type of atom
Ex: Au (gold), H (hydrogen), and F2 (fluorine)
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Compounds
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made up of atoms from 2 or more different elements
Ex: H2O, NaCl, H2SO4
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Mixtures
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2 or more pure substances that are physically combined
Ex: salt water, air, soft drinks
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Homogeneous Mixture
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substances are evenly distributed
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Heterogeneous Mixture
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composition varies from one region to another
Ex: soil, garbage, Italian dressing
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Extensive Property
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depends on the amount of matter present
Ex: mass, volume
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Intensive Property
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it doesn't depend on the amount of matter
Ex: color, temperature, density
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Chemical change
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process by which matter undergoes a chemical reaction and forms a new substance
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Chemical properties
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used to describe the possible chemical reactions a substance can undergo
Ex: flammability, explosiveness
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Physical Change
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occurs when matter is transformed in a way that does NOT alter its chemical identity
Ex: boiling water
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Physical Properties
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can be measured without altering the chemical identity of a substance
Ex: color, melting point, boiling point, texture, density
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Measurements
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size or magnitude (number) standard of comparison of measurement (unit) indication of uncertainty
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size or magnitude (number) standard of comparison of measurement (unit) indication of uncertainty
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length, mass, time, temperature, amount of substance
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Length (SI)
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meter (m)
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Mass (SI)
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kilogram (kg)
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Time (SI)
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second (s)
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Temperature
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kelvin (K)
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Amount of Substance (SI)
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mole (mol)
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Pico
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(p) 10^-12
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Nano
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(n) 10^-9
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Micro
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(weird u) 10^-6
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Milli
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(m) 10^-3
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Centi
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(c) 10^-2
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Deci
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(d) 10^-1
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Kilo
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(k) 10^3
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Mega
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(M) 10^6
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Giga
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(G) 10^9
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Volume
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amount of space occupied by an object
Derived unit: cubic meter (m^3)
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Density
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the ratio of mass to volume
Unit: kg/m^3
Formula: D=m/v
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Exam 3 - Flashcards