Exam 2 Flashcards
20 Cards in this Set
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International Style Exhibition, MoMA, 1932
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Phillip Johnson & Henry R. Hitchcock
to formalize contemporary style into simple terms for American audience
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International Style
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smooth
white-stucco surface
absence of applied decoration
clarity of structure & function
open/free plans
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Case Study House Program
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accessible, promoted functionality
prototypes - quick, easy assembly
36 mostly in Cali
usually single story, flat, open, int/ext integrated
bring housing to middle class
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Kit-of-Parts
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prefab
can be taken apart
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"Kitchen Debate"
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Nixon//Khrushchev
debate over whose citizens had better quality of life
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American Home-Maker Magazines
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advertisements directed towards women b/c they buy the products
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"Good Design" Exhibition at MoMa
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(1950) featured many of Eames' designs
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Catenary Arch
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curve formed by a chain hanging freely from 2 fixed position
Example: the St. Louis Arch
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Cycloid Arch
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curve traced by a point on the rim of a circular wheel as the wheel rolls along a straight line
Example: Kimbell Art Museum
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Diagram of Meis' Structural Grid
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...
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Tartan Grid
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structure grid is pulled apart to accommodate servant spaces
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Served & Servant Spaces
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Servant
utilities area, stairway, kitchen
separated from served areas
Served
bedroom, living/dining area
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Poche
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French for pocket
represents solid parts in plan
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CIAM
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founded by Corb & Giedion (1928-59)
Internat'l Congresses of Modern Arch
other founders Gerrit Rietveld, El Lissitzky, Moisei Ginzburg, Walter Gropis, Hannes Meyer
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CIAM'S Athens Charter
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the Functional City
Athens was analyzed in living/work/leisure/transportation
post-war CIAM added "administrative & civic center"
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CIAM's Pre-war/Post-war Themes
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Pre-War:
min. dwelling
rational land development
functional city
dwelling/recovery
Post-War
reconstruction of cities, art, arch, the heart of the city
habitat: housing for the greater #
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New Monumentality
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Sigfried Giedion & Jose Luis Sert
"people want buildings that represent their social & community life to give more than function fulfillment. They want their aspiration for monumentality, joy, pride, and excitement to be satisfied."
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New Regionalism
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Sigfried Giedion
Internat'l Style is inadequate
another attempt by CIAM to identify contemporary direction in modern arch after WWII
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Brise-Soleil
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French for "sun-breaker"
Le Corbusier
a variety of permanent sun-shading techniques
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Superquadra
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series of blocks, normally filled w/3-6 story flats located near ea. other w/spaces in b/t
sometimes filed w/schools & churches
commercial streets tend to separate buildings
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Study Guide: ARCH 350