PSYC 1103: EXAM 2
54 Cards in this Set
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What are the stages of General Adaptation Syndrome? (GAS)
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Alarm- respiration, heart rate and blood pressure increase
Resistance- increased production of steroids causes short term energy
Exhaustion- final rallying of defenses following breakdown
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What is psychonueroimmunology?
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The study of stress, emotions, thoughts and behaviors on the immune system
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What are some examples of cognitive appraisal?
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deciding whether or not something is a threat, deciding whether or not you can cope with the threat
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What is problem-focused coping
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attempts to modify problem or source of stress. Usually done by men
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What is emotion-focused coping
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Attempts to manage the way you feel about the problem. Usually done by women
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What is hardiness
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it was usually defined as a personality structure comprising the three related general dispositions of commitment, control, and challenge that functions as a resistance resource in the encounter with stressful conditions.
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What are the key findings related to social rank/heirarchies from the Portrait of a Killer film?
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Dominant males had low stress hormone, while submissive ones had high stress hormones and bad health
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What are the key factors that reduce the negative side effects of stress from the Portrait of a Killer film?
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Social connections and compassion
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What is Freud's personality structure
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Id- Pleasure principle
Ego- reality principle (Balances Id and Superego)
Superego- conscience
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What is the foundation for all defense mechanisms
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Repression: involuntary put conscious conflict into unconcious
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Describe the humanistic theory of personality and its key concepts
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Maslow and Rodgers. Emphasize people as having an awareness of life and of themselves that leads them to search for meaning and self-worth
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What is the five factor model
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Openness: curious v conservative
Conscientiousness: organized v careless
Extraversion: Outgoing v shy
Agreeableness: friendly v competition
Neuroticism: positive v negative affect
OCEAN
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What is personology
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a holistic approach that studied the person at many levels of complexity all at the same time by an interdisciplinary team of investigators
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What is the context of Mischel's situationalism
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the idea that behavior and personality vary considerably across context
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What are the types of locus of control
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Internal vs external (where you attribute success and failure in life)
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What is the Barnum effect (aka Forer effect)
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the tendency to accept certain information as true, such as character assessments or horoscopes, even when the information is so vague as to be worthless.
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Match types of assessments to appropriate theories
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Myers Briggs type indicator: humanistic
Neo PI-R: big 5 trait approach
MMPI: widely used to diagnose psychosocial disorders. empirical test construction
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What are projective tests
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React to amgibious stimuli to reveal subconcious thoughts
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What are the three criteria for abnormal behavior and how many of them are required to label a behavior abnormal?
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Behavior must be deviant, maladaptive (dysfunctional in context) and personally distressing. Only 1 is required, but typically 2 or 3 are present
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What is the biological approach/ medical model to disorders
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disorders have biological origins. drug therapy is often used
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What are the 5 anxiety disorders
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generalized anxiety, panic, phobic, OCD, PTSD
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What is the etiology of major depressive disorder?
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Rumination, Pessimistic attribution (DEFINE)
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What is the diathesis-stress model?
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Genetic predisposition that is most likely to be expressed during times of stress, meaning that the onset of disorder will most likely occur during time of stress. often associated with schizophrenia
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What is the definition and symptoms of autism (guest lecture)?
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1: deficits in social communication or social interaction
2: repetitive, formulaic activities, interests
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What is the Humanistic approach to therapy
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Methods involve helping the person reach his/her full potential, self-healing and personal growth
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What are behavior therapies?
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Aversive conditioning, systematic desensitization, flooding
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What is cognitive therapy?
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Focus on thoughts (e.g.: identifying irrational beliefs)
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How do defense mechanisms work
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Reduce guilt or anxiety by distorting reality
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Define the following defense mechanisms: denial, displacement and projection
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Denial: never consciously recognizing the problem in the first place
Displacement: act out feelings on an object rather than the true target
Projection: assign your own characteristic to someone else
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Define the following defense mechanisms: sublimation, rationalization
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Sublimation: replace an unacceptable impulse with a socially acceptable one
Rationalization: find a rational-sounding argument to explain something, but miss the true explaination
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Define the following defense mechanisms: reaction formation and regression
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Reaction formation: give strong expression to the opposite of true feelings because true feelings are threatened
Regression: seek the security of an earlier developmental period
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What is the psychological approach to disorders
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experiences, thoughts, emotions, personality
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What is the sociocultrual approach to disorders
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social context
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What is the biopsychosocial model for disorders
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interaction of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors
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What are the symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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constant state of worry & dread, persistent anxiety for at least 6 months, inability to specify reasons for anxiety
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What are the symptoms of Panic Disorder
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Recurrent, sudden onsets of intense terror that often occur without warning. Panic Attacks usually last less than 10 minutes
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What are the symptoms of Phobic Disorder
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an irrational, overwhelming and persistent fear of a particular object or situation. Often the person knows the fear is irrational and can't prevent it
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What are the symptoms of OCD
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Persistent axiety-provoking thoughts/urges to perform repetitive behaviors.
Obsession: thoughts
Compulsive: behavior
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What are the symptoms of PTSD
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Symptoms develop as a result of exposure to trauma. Re-experiencing the moment, avoidance of the event, excessive arousal (anger, hyper vigilance)
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What are the three mood disorders
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Major Depressive, Dysthymic, Bipolar
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What is MDD
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significant depressive episode at least two weeks long. impairs daily function. 5/9 symptoms are present
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What are the symptoms of DD
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fewer symptoms than MDD (2/6). Chronic depression lasting two years for an adult, or one year for a child
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What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder
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Characterized by extreme mood swings (depression to mania)
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What are dissociative disorders
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sudden, often temporary, disruption of consciousness, memory and identity
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What is dissociative amnesia
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sudden inability to remember important info about self. may involve memory gap for specific traumatic event or long periods of time
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Contrast retrograde and anterograde amnesia
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Retro: forget past up to a certain point
Antero: can't form new memories
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What is dissociative fugue
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Completely forget personal identity but only temporarily. Unexpected travel/ wandering around
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What is dissociative identity disorder
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the same individual possesses two or more distinct personality. shifts occur under distress
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What is schizophrenia
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pattern of serious symptoms involving severely disturbed thinking, emotion, perception and behavior
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Symptoms of schizophrenia
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disturbances in thinking, emotion, perception, attention, movement, behavior
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What are the different delusions associated with schizophrenia
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being watched, of persecution, of grandeur, of reference, thought control, thought broadcasting
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What are the subtypes of schizophrenia?
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Disorganized (delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate behavior), Catatonic (alternate between immobility and hyperactivity), Paranoid (unpredictable and delusional), undifferentiated (mix of above)
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What are symptoms of antisocial personality disorder
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disregard for others' rights and rules of society. Lack of remorse
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What are the symptoms of Borderline Personality disorders
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instability in interpersonal relationships and self-image. impulsive, insecure, unstable and extreme emotions
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PSYC 1103: CHAPTER 12 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT