Test 3: ANSC 210
200 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
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to avoid being bitten by a dog, don't ____, ___, or _____
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look at the dog, talk to the dog, touch the dog
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be the fearless pack leader and ____ the dog
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ignore
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vocal communication- different sound groups- infantile=
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purring
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warning=
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growl
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withdrawl=
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yelp
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pleasure=
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purring
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howling=
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wants company
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yelping=
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hurt
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chirrup=
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greeting
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meow= cats want _____, ____, or _____
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food, play, or interaction
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Olfactory communication= identify ____, ____ and _____
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species, sex, reproductive stages
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scents emitted by dogs= ___, ___, ___ or ____ _____
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urine, feces, anal sac secretions
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scents emitted by cats= _____, ____, _____
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urine, feces, scent glands
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cats- use scent to ____ ____, have scent glands ___ ,____ ,____ and _____
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mark territory, under chin, at corners of mouth, on side of forehead, and between toes
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injestive behavior is ____ and ____
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eating, drinking
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first injestive behavior is ______
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suckling
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grass eating is
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normal
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coprophagy= eating
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feces
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coprophagy is
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not normal, apply bitter substance to correct
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elimination behavior- can train kittens and puppies at ___ weeks of age
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5
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follow walking, eating/ drinking, and take to elimination site, afterwards ____ is reward
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play
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agonistic behavior=
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fighting
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behavioral modification= ____ ____ of desired behavior, ___ ____ of undesired behavior
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postivie reinforcement, negative reinforcement
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identify the problem- owners should be asked to ___
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state the problem in their own words
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determine history of the problem- question the owner about ___ ____
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eliciting stimuli
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recommend treatment- ___ or ___ the problem
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solve, manage
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may require an __ _____
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animal behaviorist
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educate the owner about ___ ____ of pet, about ___ behaviors
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social structure, normal
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common behavioral problems-
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hyperactivity, inappropriate elimination, aggression, xenophobia, agoraphobia, excessive barking,...
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xenophobia=
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fear of new things from lack of socialization
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agoraphobia=
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fear of open spaces, "kennelosis"
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coprophagy=
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eating of feces
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separation anxiety examples
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inappropriate elimination, excessive voalization, destructive chewing and digging, trembling,...
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diagnostics- imaging= utrasonography= image produced using ultrasound is called
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sonogram
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uses ___ ____
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sound waves
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image displayed on monitor in real time, allows vizualization of ____ or ____
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beating heart, fetal movement
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safe for _____ and ____
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personnel, patient
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no ____ required
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sedation
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ultrasound waves penetrate _____ ____, not bones or gas
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soft tissue
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echocardiology- used to diagnose abnormalities in __ ____ or _____
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heart size, chambers
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new machines have _____- measures flow
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Doppler
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can be used to diagnose ____
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pregnancy
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magnetic resonance imaging- uses _____ and ____ energy to produce an image
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magnetic fields, radio waves
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expensive equipment= only in a few
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animal hospitals
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animal must remain _____, ___ ____ required
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motionless, general anesthesia
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images are ___ ___ of body parts
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cross sections
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can disinguish ____ ____
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soft tissue
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endoscopy- use of long, narrow tubes containing ___ _____
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fiber optics
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images go to a ____ ____ ___
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camera projection screen
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nonsurgical method of viewing ___ ____
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internal surfaces of the body
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used to diagnose ___ ____
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many problems
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wide variety of endoscopes availiable
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rigid, flexible, biopsy instrument, brushes to obtain cell samples, grabbing instrument to...
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treatments- injections= good because
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you know it's in the animal
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subcutaneous (sc)=
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slowest
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intramuscular (im)=
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medium
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intravenous (iv)=
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fastest
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Aggieland pets with a purpose=
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therapy animals
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canine good citizenship certificate for
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socialization
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REVIEW NOTES ON BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS
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read scenarios on behavior problems
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Diagnostics- radiographs- xrays make
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image
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contrasts ____ vs ____ structures
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dense, less dense
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ionizing radiation can
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damage tissues
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most times, animal does not need to be
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anesthetized
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computed axial tomography- CAT/ CT scan, series of _____ assembled by computers
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radiographs
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same tissue contrast and danger as
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radiographs
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animal has to be
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anesthetized
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Treatment- before injecting an animal you should
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not prepare the skin
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Sterility- 1st law- surface has to be
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clean
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2nd- use a disinfectant correctly- appropriate _____ and ____
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strength and time, 7-8 mins for iodine
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wetting skin with ___ _____ could mobilize dirt and go into the animal with the needle
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70% ethanol
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Animals in Biomedical research- students can do research as _____ and _____
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student workers and independent study- 491 students
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learn about ongoing research projects on ____ ____ and ___ ____
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factulty websites, research symposia
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history- 300BC- Egyptian erasistratus used animals to study ___
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pulse
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200 AD- Greek Claudius Galen learned that
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veins carry blood
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1600 AD- British William Harvey discovered that the heart is
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a pump
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Nobel Prizes in Medicine- about ___ used animal research
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2/3
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some include 1923 discovery of ___, and others=
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insulin, heart disease, cancer, polio, measles, smallpox, blood transfusion, organ transplant,...
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benefits from animal research- since 1900, average life span in US has increased by ___ years
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30
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reduced infance mortality= 1935= ___ of live births, 2002= ___ of live births
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6%, 0.7%
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My new research project with dogs- fibroids= tumor called ____, extremely common
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leiomyoma
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found in ___ of women, ____ of dogs
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uteri, vaginas
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want mechanisms to reduce tumors in dogs ____ not ____
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medically, surgically
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genes ____ in tumors and ____ in tumors- trying to understand difference between normal and...
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upregulated, downregulated
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Animal rights and welfare- animal use by people has occured for
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thousands of years
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most people accept current role of animals for
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food and clothing, research, pets
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some people have moral/ ethical objection to
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animal use
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people against animal research- antivivisectionsists- for ___ years in Europe
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300
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US national antivivisection society- all animal research is
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unnecessary
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only stupid scientists cannot predict the outcome without _____ ____, many studies are _____
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animal testing, repetitive
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everything is ____ and ____
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chemistry, physics
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product testing in animals is not ____ and not ___
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necessary, required by law
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animals used in education can be replaced by ____ _____
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virtual dissections
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animal rights movement- 1970s book ___ _____
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Animal Liberation- a new ethic for treatment of animals
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opposed people's _____, related to a prejudice like sexism and racism
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use of animals
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PETA- people for the ethical treatment of animals- radical group wanting
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no animal use, no animal product use, no pet ownership
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a pig is a dog is a
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boy
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all animals should be
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returned to nature
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raise money and primarily attack ___ and ____, now attack _____
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research, farms, scientists and their families
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Animal welfare- morally acceptable to
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use animals
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animals should be cared for in ___ and ____
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body and mind, physically and mentally
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USDA animal welfare act of ___= federal gov controls animal research
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1966
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who is right? animal rights or animal welfare?
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mix of both, end justfies the means, depends on individual level of tolerance
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biomedical research is performed on a variety of animals, primarily ___ and ___, focused on...
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mice, rats, human and animal
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need for medical advances will drive biomed research- will continue to use animals while ___...
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reducing, refining, replacing
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animal rights and animal welfare will drive lots of attention on ___ of research animals
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quality of life
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Unwanted companion animals- result of two problems=
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there are too many animals, release by pet owners
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myths about allowing dogs and cats to reproduce=
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making money, miracle of birth, recreating a pet, raising a litter is fun, my pet's life...
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one pair of cats could produce ______ cats in 8 years
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2 million
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population control- _____ all animals adopted from shelters
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spay/ neuter
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encourage ____ of all other animals with programs to reduce costs
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spay/ neuter
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develop ___ ____ sterilization techniques
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non surgical
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contraception- GnRH agonist implants- works for
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1 year
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canine GNRH vaccine- works for ____ years
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2.5
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neutersol- intratesticular injection in pups age __-___ months
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3-10
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androgen injections to bitches to suppress cycles- used in
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working and racing dogs
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unwanted=
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once owned, now abandoned
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uncontrolled=
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owned animals that are free-roaming
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stray=
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rejected or lost animals that are free roaming
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feral=
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those that do not tolerate human touch
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who will solve the problem of unwanted companion animals?-
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human societies, animal shelters, rescue groups, gov agencies, an educated public, veterinarians
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animal shelters= regular- provide ___ ___ vs no kill
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animal control
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regular shelters will accpet ___ ____
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any animal, including wildlife
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no kill shelters- only accept ____ animals, only
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so many, certain animals
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Adoption programs- animal rescue organizations are
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breed specific
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take unwanted ___ animals from ___ and ___
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purebred, owners, shelters
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place animal in _____ util new home is found
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foster home
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unwanted animals create problems- public health problems are
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bites, zoonosis
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___ million bites per year
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5
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____ are postal wokers
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30k
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over __% from dogs
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90
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1 million bite cases required medical treatment= ____$
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100 million
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zoonotic disease in free-roaming dogs and cats includes
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rabies, roundworms, hookworms, toxoplasmosis, fleas, ticks
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safety on roads- avoiding animals causes
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wrecks
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Euthanaisia means
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good or easy death
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must be ___ and ____, must be done by
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dignified, human, well trained professional
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current solution for
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unwanted animal problem
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____ million animals euthanized every year
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3-4
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horse sanctuaries- american horse slaughter prevention act has caused
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horse slaughter plants to be shut down, were regulated by USDA
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big problem- keeping horses and euthanizing is
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costly
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Careers with companion animals- veterinarian career- educational requirements and expense=...
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4, 180k
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veterinarians work
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in private practice, teaching and research, regulatory medicine, public health, and military...
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regulatory medicine= ___, ___, and ____
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food safety and inspection, product testing, and inspect all animal research
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public health- ____, _____
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epidemiologists, center for disease control
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military service-
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halt the spread of disease and bioterrorism
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first year employment and starting salaries of 2008- large animal= ___, mixed=____, small animal=____,...
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62k, 58k, 64k, 41k, 63k, 27k
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ave salary=
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70-80k
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hours are long= ___-___ hours per week (emergency duty)
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45-60
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daily activities- ____, ____, and ____
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taking care of animals, communicating with client/owners, running the practice
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running the practice=
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billing, managing employees, ordering supplies, taking care of the building equipment
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job demand is _____, job security is ______, job satisfaction is _______
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increasing, good, high
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teaching and research veterinarians ___, ____, and ____
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teach students, conduct research, and instruct and develop continuing education
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regulatory medicine- organization is
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USDA
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primary jobs are to ____, ____, and _____
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quarantine and inspect animals, monitor new vaccines, and enforce laws for humane treatment...
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military service- protect against _____, _______
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bioterrorism, food safety and care of gov owned animals
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public health- ______ for gov agencies, ensure _______, FDA vets evaluate
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epidemiologists, safety of food, medicines and food additives
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other veterinary careers
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zoo medicine, aquatic animal medicine, aerospace medicine, animal shelter medicine, sports...
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veterinary technician- do the work of
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veterinarian
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cannot ___ or ____
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diagnose, perscribe
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___ yr degree
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2
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____ hour week plus
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40
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salary is ____k
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25
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job satisfaction is
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good
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educated to assist
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physical examinations and patient history, client education, dental hygiene, vaccines/ medications,...
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dog trainer- varried _____ requirements
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educational
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specific training programs- _____ ____ college, ___ ____ college, college of ____ _____
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animal behavior, animal care, animal welfare
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___-___k per year
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13-40
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long hours but
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could be flexible
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pet behaviorist- graduate degree in
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psychology
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___-___k per year
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35-90
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wide range of _______ _____
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problems adressed
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dog groomer- ____ week course for ___k or apprenticeship
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12, 4
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___k per year, more if you own business
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25
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demand ____ as pet ownership____
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increasing, increases
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job satisfaction is _____
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good
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animal control officer- ____ law enforcement
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humane
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protect animals from ___ and people from
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abuse, potentially dangerous animals and loose animals
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education requirements-
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high school diploma, extensive animal experience, training course and certification
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___k per year
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40
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demand is great in
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cities
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pet store manager- education requirements
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high school diploma and in-store training
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___k per year
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57
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___-____ hours per week
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40-50
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more stores being opened so manages are
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needed
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adoption counselor- education requirements
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no degree required
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can take shelter pets to
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pet stores
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___ hours per week
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40
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___k per year
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13
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job is
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in demand
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massage therapist- attend massage therapy school for ___k and do ___ hours of practice
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2, 300
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can do ___ massages a week for __-___ each
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25, 50-120
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consult with owner then
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massage the pet
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____ licensed pet massagers
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250,000
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animal physical therapist- undergrad then ___ yr masters
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3
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____k per year
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36
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most animals come ____ a week for 1 hour for ___-___ weeks
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twice, 6-8
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field is ____ growing
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rapidly
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many professions provide opportunities to _____ lives of pets
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improve
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POLICE DOGS
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police dogs
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dogs from _____
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holland
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police department has had program for ___ yrs
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10
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Final Flashcards