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ANCS 107 - Part 8
growth |
increase in body weight until maturity is reached. increase in animal tissue- muscle, bone, and connective tissue |
true growth |
growth that involves an increase in structural tissue (excludes fat) |
development |
directed coordination of all diverse processes until maturity is reached. involves growth, cellular differentiation, and changes in body shape. controlled by genetic make-up of animal |
maturity |
state of being fully-grown or developed. in animal production, we refer to sexual and compositional maturity |
hyperplasia |
increase in # of cells |
hypertrophy |
increase in cell size |
efficiency in production is defines as what? |
units of input per unit of output |
feed conversion value for cattle |
7:1 |
feed conversion value for sheep |
4-6:1 |
feed conversion value for swine |
3.5:1 |
feed conversion value for broilers |
2:1 |
feed conversion value for fish |
1.1:1 |
what does a growth curve look like? |
slow gain at birth, fast gain at puberty, and slow gain after that |
what happens during the first 2/3 of a fetus' growth? |
most increase is in muscle weight. hyperplasia- increase in fiber number |
what happens during the last 1/3 of a fetus' growth? |
hypertrophy- increase fiber size. largest increase in fetal weight |
4 areas of fat deposit in order in which fat is deposited |
1- perinephric (inside the body). 2- intermuscular (seam fat). 3- subcutaneous (under skin). 4- intramuscular (marbling) |
what fat deposits make the carcass worth more? |
intramuscular (marbling) |
selection for growth can influence other traits as well. for example, selection for increased yearling weight will generally lead to ____________ |
increased birth weight |
leanest cattle |
bulls |
leanest sheep |
rams |
leanest pigs |
boars |
intermediate (lean vs. fat) cattle |
steers |
intermediate (lean vs. fat) sheep |
wethers |
intermediate (lean vs. fat) pigs |
gilts |
fattest cattle |
heifers |
fattest sheep |
ewes |
fattest pigs |
barrows |
where does bst come from? |
anterior pituitary |
where does progesterone come from? |
corpus luteum |
effects of bst |
increase milk production, increase muscle growth and decrease fat growth, improve rate of gain and feed efficiency, decrease meat tenderness |