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PLSC 2003: EXAM 2
house of reps term of office
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2 years
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Senate term of office
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6 years
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house of reps
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organized and centralized
leadership has more power
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senate |
filibuster
senators have more power
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number of senators
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100
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number in house
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435
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icumbent and congressional stagnation
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person in office - high incumbancy
stagnation rate:
senate - 85%
house - 95%
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three factors related to who gets elected to the us congress
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stagnation
who decides to run
redistricting
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bill
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proposed legislation
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filibuster
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endless debate
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cloture
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60 votes - ends debate
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party leaders responsibility and powers
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determines calender
assigns committee members
establish legislative agenda
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committe assignments
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legislatures seek commitee assignments based on their agendas back home
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process of how a bill becomes a law
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permanent commitee - sub. commitee- rules commitee- floor- other chamber...same process- conference commitee between to chambers - presidents desk.
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actions pres can take on passed bill
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sign
veto
pocket veto
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trend of party unit in congress
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all time high trend
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congressional oversight
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to prevent capture theory
increases effectiveness of law
laws stay in tact as they move through bureacracy
legislation is carried out in a proper way
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issues with passing legislation
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broad/vague laws are produced
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trend in presidential approval ratings
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approval ratings decrease over time
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eop and nation security council
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eop- founded during FDRs presidency
thousands of people not approved by congress
growing in size at the expence of cabinet
nsc - part of eop
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the cabinet
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made up of 15 dept.
need senate approval
less influencial
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federal executive agencies and rulemaking
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make rules and interpret laws
interpret old rules
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independent agencies
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nasa, cia, post office...
too large/ important by private sector
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redistributive policy
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redistributes income
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regulatory policy
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regulates behavior - most difficult to oversee
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distributive policy
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distributes new money
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presidential informal powers
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eop
executive agreements
expand his power
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president centered government
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(fdr)
president is center of policy making
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trend in the number of federal employees
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has gradually declined
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patient protection and affordable care act 2011
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shows how influencial interest groups are in public policy- crafting language
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types of law
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criminal law
civil law
public law
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State courts
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handle the majority of cases
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district or trial courts
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lowest level in court system
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Appellate courts
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review from lower courts
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doctrine of habeas corpus
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protects people from unlawful detention
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congressional committees and their purpose
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Standing committee - permanent committee with the power to propose and write legislation.
Rules committee - part of house of reps
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War powers resolution act
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says president must get authorization by congress before sending troops abroad. --usually ingnored by pres by his executive power to defend the nation.
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executive agreements
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an agreement between between the president and another country that doesn't need congress approval
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executive privilege
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communication between pres and close advisors are to be kept confidential
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implementation of legislation
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the efforts of departments and agencied to translate laws into specific burearucratic routines
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iron triangle
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a relationship between a congressional committe, an administrative agency and one or more interest groups.
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rule making
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a quasi legislative administrative process by which government agencies produce regulations.
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administrative adjudication
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applying rules and precedents to specific cases to settle disputes between regulated parties
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max weber and burearucracy - characteristics of bureaucracy
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hierarchy
job specialization/expertise
standard operating/procedures
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civil service act of 1883
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establishes a merit system in order to reform the system- which began as a gentlemens class --then patronage system.
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the meltdown -
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federal reserve and treasury shaped the course of action by gov't and determined the winners and losers by ramming the bail out through congress.
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judicial review
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the power of courts to review and declare actions of legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitiutional.
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checks and balances
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each branch of government is able to participate and influence the activities of the other branches
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miller vs. johnson
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said race could not be a predonminant factor in creating electoral districts.
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electoral college
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the presidential electpopular electors from each state who meet after the election to cast ballots
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