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KIN 386: EXAM 1
growth is what kind of restraint
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organismic
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growth refers to a change in
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size/number
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growth factors can indicate
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normal/abnormal development
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4 factors influencing growth
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genetics, secular changes, SES, nutrition
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definition of developmental motor sequence
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series of changes in motor skills from least to most advanced
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Determining the "correct" order of a developmental sequence is based on
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an analysis of levels of mechanical efficiency
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why are we obese?
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portion size and inactivity
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physical activity
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Bodily movement that is produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle and that substantially increases energy expenditure
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moderate physical activity
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Activities that use large muscle groups and are at least equivalent to brisk walking.
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ex of moderate physical activity exercises
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¬walking, swimming, cycling, dancing, gardening and yard work, and various domestic and occupational activities.
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vigorous physical activity
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¬Rhythmic, repetitive physical activities that use large muscle groups at 70 percent or more of maximum heart rate for age.
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Physical activity guidelines
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¬Children/adolescents should be active 60+ min/day
¬1+ hour of MVPA
¬VPA at least 3 days/week
¬Strength (muscle & bone) 3 days/week
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vigorous physical activity examples
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–Active games: running & chasing, tag
–Rope jumping
–Martial arts
–Running
–Sports like soccer, field hockey, basketball, swimming
–Cross country skiing
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ex of muscle strengthening exercises
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–Games like tug of war
–Rope or tree climbing
–Swinging on playground equipment
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ex bone strengthening exercises
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–Games like hopscotch
–Hopping, skipping, jumping
–Running
–Sports like gymnastics, basketball, volleyball, tennis
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4 components of physical fitness
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–CV endurance
–Muscular strength/endurance
–Flexibility
–Body composition
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Mechanisms of increased strength
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–Neural recruitment
–Muscle hypertrophy
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motor development
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age related changes in motor behavior and the processes underlying those changes
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2 primary categories that drive development
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inherited differences and environment
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motor learning
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relatively permanent changes in behavior resulting from practice
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development results from
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interaction of biological self with environment
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learning focuses on
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only environmental factors
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3 types of constraints
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organismic, environment, task
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