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aqueous solutions of strong acids
Co = [H3O+]
aqueous solutions of weak acids
Ka = x2/(Co-x)
aqueous solutions of strong base
Co = [OH-]
aqueous solutions of weak base
Kb = y2/(Co-y)
aqueous solutions of strong and weak acid
approx => ignore weak acid
aqueous solutions of strong and weak base
approx => ignore weak base
aqueous solutions of buffer (mix of weak acid and conjugate base)
pH = pKa + log(nb/na)
molar solubility
Ksp = x(2x)2 ..... solve for x (ex. prob)
canonical order
Ox1 + Red2 + "other" = Red1 + Ox2 + "other"
gains electrons
oxidation state decrease, reduced, oxidizing agent
lose electrons
oxidation state increase, oxidized, reducing agent
Eocell
Eocath - Eoanode
E =
Eocell - (0.0592/n)logQ where Q = prod/reactants
Ecell
cell potential
Eocell
standard reduction potential

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