63 Cards in this Set
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Basilica Plan Church
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Aisle down the center, nave. Crosses aisle in the back. Rectangular building
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Central Plan Church
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All around center dome
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Mausoleum
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A building, large one, housing a tomb or multiple tombs
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Baptistery
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Where the patrons are baptized
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Ambulatory
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Place for walking, an aisle around the apse or a cloister in a church or monatery
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Ravenna
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City in Italy, one of the capitals
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Justinian
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Byzantinian Emperor
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Theodora
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Justinian's wife, not royally originally, changed many laws, did a lot of good
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Pendentive
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Columns hold up the dome in a central plan church
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Squinch
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Webbing between the dome and the pillars
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Theotokos
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"bearer of God" the Virgin Mary, mother of God
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Icon
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Religious images, personal images, prayerful images, small portable images of the Holy Family
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Iconoclasm
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Image breaker, those that love the image
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Encaustic
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Wood and hot beeswax painting
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Triumph of Orthodoxy
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Traditional, return of the creation of icons, return the old traditions
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Mohammad
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Begins Islam, begins to have revelations
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Koran
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Islamic bible, recitation of everything that was said between Mohammad and God
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Calligraphy
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Way to depict what happened to God without using pictures
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Kufic
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Most popular/ simpler vellum. "blue with gold calligraphy"
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Mosque
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House of worship in the Islamic faith. One side must point toward Mecca
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Hypostyle
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"Many columns" standard for mosques
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Minaret
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Tower where callers announce times of prayer
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Qibla
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"Direction" Wall that points towards Mecca
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Mihrab
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Empty niche on the qibla wall, focus point for prayers
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Maqsura
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Area near the mihrab shrine intend for private prayer of the ruler
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Aula Palatina; Trier, Germany
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Windows, very minimal decoration very plain, referred to as honest architecture
Big open room, ceiling was flat, no decoration
Triumphal arch located inside
Windows were shrunken, and placed lower on the walls to make the space look bigger
BASILICA PLAN- EARLY CHRISTIAN
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Santa Sabina; Rome, Italy
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Very simple, lots of windows more decorated on the inside
Triumphal arch, the triumph of God
Twelve apostles decorating the arch
Columns that create the side isles and the nave
Taken down from the Roman temple and brought to this basilica
BASILICA PLAN- EARLY CHRISTIAN
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Santa Costanza; Rome, Italy
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Originally a mausoleum, used as a baptistery
Granddaughter to Constantine
Circular building
Very intimate space
Decorations: mosaic, harvesting grapes to make wine, cupids are harvesting the grapes
Based on the Roman traditions
Talk about how we use wine in the Christian religion
C…
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Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellino
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Center, Christ, with his lambs wearing Roman armor, depicted as young and beautiful
Four figures- praying figures, unable to identify who they are but possibly the people of the tomb
Other scenes of Noah
EARLY CHRISTIAN
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San Vitale; Ravenna, Italy
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Justinian- emperor shown that he payed for the place but he never came, bodies tend to become weightless, seem flat and floating
Divided by what they are wearing, holding the communion basket, stationed at the right hand of the father
Theodora- on the left side of the apse, all ladies i…
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Hagia Sophia; Istanbul (Constinopal) Turkey
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***Most significant church of the byzantine empire
Built by physicist rather that architects (wanted to bring in most light)
Dome- collapsed twice, weighted on the four pillars
Monstrous on the inside, very open, so many windows
CENTRAL PLAN- BYZANTINE
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Icon of the Virgin with Saints Theodore and George from Sinai
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Used the encaustic method to make plank
Mary, sitting on her throne holding Jesus- speak to God through Mary, never directly
Saints were normal people, and that is why you talk to them and ask for assistance
Most important icon in the Christian church
-Hands of God comes down because …
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Icon of Christ Pantocrator from Sinai
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Hand- holding the bible (the word of God), the old testament, law, hands ready to bless people, his job is to judge all people and save people
Face- has a beard- no longer looks like a Roman God
Eye- one looking to the right other to the left to make him look relatable. Artist couldn't …
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Justinain as Conqueror
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Emperor shown as a military, conquering for jesus
On bottom- men carrying back things from war
Woman begging for mercy
Top- God who is merciful
BYZANTINE
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The Crucifixion and Iconoclasts; Khludov Psalter
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Equating the creation of icons to the destruction of God on the cross
BYZANTINE
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St. Mark's, Venice
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Central Chruch, squinch and pendentive systems used in construction
Figures floating in air
Onion domes
Spolia- all marble was taken from different places all over the world
CENTRAL CHURCH- BYZANTINE
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Tomb of the Samanids
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Geometry plays a role into the creation of the build, very basic and added upon
Understand God better by understanding the geometry of the world
ISLAMIC
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Dome of the Rock
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First major structure for the islamic religion
Central plan church, is protecting a piece of rock
Calligraphy is written all over the the building with geometry style
Building is help up on a pendentive system
ISLAMIC
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Great Mosque of Kairouan
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Very basic mosque on the outside
Many columns taken from Roman temples
Grass rugs cover the floors
Very OLD
ISLAMIC- BASILICA PLAN
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Great Mosque; Cordoba, Spain
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Eventually turned into a Catholic Church
Royal Mosque
Huge space broken up by many columns that support arches
All together but praying separately
ISLAMIC- BASILICA PLAN
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Mina'I dish with story of Bahram Gur and Azadeh, From Iran
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Various moment of the story depicted all at once
Goes hunting kills gazelle, girl gets man, boy kills girl
Figures appear on art-- non-religious
ISLAMIC
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Yahya ibn Mahmud al- Wasiti, Scene in an Arab Village
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From a non religious texts- can tell this because of the figures
Collapsed scene of place
Lively domesticated scene
ISLAMIC
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Sanguszko figural-design carpet, from Iran
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Blending of style
Used in a house not a mosque- figures
Taken Dican of Hafiz, Allegory of Worldly and Otherworldly Drunkenness and mixed it with art
ISLAMIC
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Taj Mahal, Agra, India
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Tomb, but looks just like a mosque
Very important emperor's wife dies while giving birth
Creates a tomb in her honor
Marble cut to represent carpet
Takes parts of beautiful things from all traditions
ISLAMIC
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Aula Palatina; Trier, Germany
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Sana Sabina; Rome, Italy
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Santa Costanza; Rome, Italy
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Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellino
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San Vitale; Ravenna, Italy
-Justinian-
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San Vitale; Ravenna, Italy
-Theodora-
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Hagia Sophia; Istanbul, Turkey
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Icon of the Virgin (theotokos) with Saints Theodore and George from Sinai
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Icon of Christ Pantocrator from Sinai
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Justinian as Conqueror
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The Crucifixion and Iconoclast
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St. Mark's Venice
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Tomb of the Samanids
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Dome of the Rock
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Great Mosque of Kairouan
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Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain
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Mina'I dish with story
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Sanguszko figural- design carpet
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Taj Mahal; Agra, India
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