26 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
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Organic
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when 2 or more carbons are present
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Macroelements
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required by organisms in large amounts
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Heterotrophs
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use reduced, performed organic molecules as their carbon source
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Autotrophs
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get their carbon from CO2
|
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Trace elements
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required by organisms in small amounts
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Phototrophs
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light energy is used to fix CO2 into organics
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Chemoorganotrophs
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oxidate organic molecules
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Chemolithotrophs
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oxidate inorganic molecules
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Exergonic reaction
|
release energy
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Endergonic
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require energy
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Coupled reactions
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exergonic reactions drive endergonic reactions
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A molecule is oxidized if...
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it loses H, gains O, increases positive charge or decreases negative charge
|
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A molecule is reduced if...
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it loses O, gains H, decreases positive charge or increases negative charge
|
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Standard reduction potential (Eo)
|
measures the tendency of a molecule to become reduced or gain electrons
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Catabolism
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degradation of complex molecules into simpler ones, exergonic
|
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Anabolism
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synthesis of complex molecules, endergonic
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Aerobic
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if O2 is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain
|
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Anaerobic
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if some other inorganic molecule (other than O2) is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain
|
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Where does glycolysis take place in prokaryotes? Eukaryotes?
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cytoplasm
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Where does the TCA cycle take place in bacteria?
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cytoplasm
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Where does the TCA cycle take place in eukaryotes?
|
mitochondria
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Where does the electron transport chain take place in bacteria?
|
plasma membrane
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Where does the electron transport chain take place in eukaryotes?
|
mitochondria
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What pathways are used during fermentation?
|
only glycolysis
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Light reactions
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light energy is trapped, converted into chemical energy
|
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Dark reactions
|
energy is used to fix CO2 into organic molecules
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MIP 300: EXAM 3