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BMS 300: EXAM 2 - NEURO
3 sensory modalities |
chemical
mechanicalelectromagnetic
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chemical senses |
relies on the fit on chemical and receptors
relies on the movement of ions through the channelstransduction-changing of energy
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somatic nervous system
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The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the control of body movements via skeletal muscles.
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pairs of nerves? |
31 pairs of spinal nerves
12 pairs of cranial nerves
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Thalamus |
The thalamus is a symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates including humans, situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain.
is the sensory relay site, except for the smell and olfaction
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Hypothalamus |
neuro endocrine cells, in the autonomic nervous system
The hypothalamus is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions.
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two forms of transfer |
fast axoplasmic transport- proteins snythesized by RER
slow axoplasmic transport- cytoplasmic proteins: tubulin, actin, glucolytic enzymes
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how are vesicles transported? |
with microtubules and moved by kinesin
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Glia |
Glial cells, sometimes called neuroglia or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the brain, and for neurons in other parts of the nervous system such as in the autonomic nervous system.
regulatory, maintenanceastrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia
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Microglia |
Microglia are a type of glial cell that are the resident macrophages of the brain and spinal cord, and thus act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the central nervous system.
Macrophages, non-specific immunity
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Giamberey syndrome |
attack of the immune system on the schwann cells in the PNS
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Threshold |
The potential where Na+ influx outstrips K+ efflux
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refractory period |
* Refractory period, the amount of time it takes for an excitable membrane to be ready for a second stimulus once it returns to its resting state following excitation in the areas of biology, physiology, and cardiology.
closing the Na+ channels and Opening of the K+ channels
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propagation of an unmylinated axon |
c-fibers tend to be pain neurons stat on chronically
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deliverence of positive charge like Ca2+ |
tells channels to open, produces a depolarization
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2 IPSP neurotransmitter |
Glycine
GABBA
|
EPSP Neurotransmitter |
Glutamate
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PNS: Cell bodies,axon |
Ganglia
nerve
|
CNS: cell bodies, axons |
Nucleus
tract
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3 types of muscle |
cardiac
smoothVoluntary skeletal muscle
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