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HSC 214: BONE TISSUE
Diaphysis
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Shaft
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Epiphyses
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Ends, 2
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Metaphysis
|
area btw epiphyses and diaphysis
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Articular Cartilage
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Coating on outside of epiphyses
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Epiphyseal Plate
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-Where bones grow
-In adults, its just a line vs a plate
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Periosteum
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Coating of the bone
-Fibrous outer layer
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Medullary or Marrow Cavity
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-Contains bone marrow, may be yellow or red.
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Endosteum
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Inner boney surfaces are lined with this.
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Nutrient Artery/Vein
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Usually only one entering the diaphysis through a nutrient foramen, some bones have 2 or more.
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Nutrient Foramen/Canal
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arties and veins go in and out through this.
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Periosteal Vessels
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Blood vessels from the peiosteum are incorporated into the devoping bone surface. Provide blood to the superficial osteons of the shaft.
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Metaphysis Vessels
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Supply blood to the inner surface of each epiphyseal cartilage, where bone is replacing cartilage
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Epiphyseal Vessels
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Vessels that use foramina supply the osseous tissue and medullary cavities of the epiphyses.
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Innervation of Bone
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-Vasomotor-Constrict and dialate vessels
-Sensory
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Osteocytes
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Mature Bone cells
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Lacunae
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Small chambers that osteocytes occupy
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Canaliculi
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Channels that radiate through the matrix from lacuna to lacuna and toward free surfaces and adjacent blood vessels.
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Osteoblasts
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Cells that are cuboidal in shape and found on the inner or outer surfacese of a bone. Secrete the organic components of the bone matrix.
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Osteoid
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What the osteoblasts secrete, later becomes mineralized.
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Osteoprogenerator Cells
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Can divide to produce daughter cells that differentiate into osteoblasts. The ability to produce additional osteoblasts becomes extremely important after a bone is cracked or broken.
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Osteoclasts |
secrete acids that dissolve the bony matrix and release amino acids and the stored calcium and phosphate. The process is called Osteolysis.
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