CHEM 112: ACIDS AND BASES
15 Cards in this Set
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Arrhenius Acid
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any substance that, when dissolved in water, increases H+ concentration
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Arrhenius Base
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any substance that, when dissolved in water, increases OH- concentration
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Bronsted-Lowry Acid
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proton (H+) donor
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Bronsted-Lowry Base
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proton acceptor
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Polyprotic Acid
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having two or more protons that can be donated
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Polyprotic Base
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can accept two or more protons
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Basic Cations
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conjugate bases of acidic cations
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Acidic Cation
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ammonium cation (and derivative) and metal cations with charges of 2+ and 3+
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Lewis Acid
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electron pair acceptor
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Lewis Base
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electron pair donor
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Buffer
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A buffer solution is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. resist changes in their pH when acid or base is added to them
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Titration
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Titration is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis that is used to determine the unknown concentration of a known reactant. an acid is titrated with a strong base of known concentration or a base is titrated with a strong acid of known concentration
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Strong Acids
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HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4
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Strong Bases
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LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2
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Common Ion Effect
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a perturbation to a system at equilibrium leads to a shift in the equilibrium that offsets, or minimizes, the effect of the pertubation
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CHEM 112: ACIDS AND BASES