Study Guide: Amnesias
10 Cards in this Set
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Anterograde Amnesia
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What is lost or disrupted? -> the ability to form new episodic and semantic memories ........................................................................... Common causes -> damage to the medial temporal lobes (or the diencepalon or basal forebrain)
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Functional Amnesia
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What is lost or disrupted? -> all personal (episodic and semantic) memories........................................................................... Common causes -> strong psychological trauma but no obvious physiological injury
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Infantile Amnesia
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What is lost or disrupted? -> episodic memories for events in early childhood ........................................................................... Common causes -> possibly immaturity of the brain areas that encode episodic memories, lack of a cognitive sense of self, and/or absenc…
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Retrograde Amnesia
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What is lost or disrupted? -> the ability to retrieve existing episodic memories ........................................................................... Common causes -> broad damage to the medial temporal lobes and beyond
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Source Amnesia
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What is lost or disrupted? -> the context describing where or when an episodic memory was acquired ........................................................................... Common causes -> possibly damage to the frontal cortex; also can occur intermittently in healthy people
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Transient Global Amnesia
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What is lost or disrupted? -> anterograde (and possibly retrograde) memory, usually for a day or less ........................................................................... Common causes -> head injury, hypoglycemic episode, or brief interruption of blood flow to the brain
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Encoding Specificity
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Better memory when retrieval and encoding contexts match. Applies to external & internal contexts
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Transfer-appropriate processing
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Retrieval is more likely if cues at encoding and recall are similar.
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Agnosia
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Loss of semantic knowledge linking object perception with its identity.
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Ribot Gradient
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Evidence for Consolidation Period
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Study Guide: Amnesias