CHEM 151: Module 3
21 Cards in this Set
Front | Back |
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Ionic compounds are arranged:
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in solid crystalline networks
lattices
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In general, nonmetals.....than metals
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...have higher ionization potentials and electronegativities, thus having a higher affinity for electrons...
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The larger the difference in electronegativity between bonding atoms:
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the more polar the bond
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A metal ion, or a positively charged ion is called
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a cation
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A nonmetal, or negatively charged ion is called
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an anion
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Properties of ionic compounds are determined by...and...
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charge;size
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Interactions between ions are determined by
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Coulomb's law
F = (q1*q2) / (r^2)
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During the formation of ionic compounds, atoms in the metal.....electrons while those of the nonmetal....electrons
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lose;gain
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How would you expect the size of each type of atom to change when becoming ions?
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Cations are smaller than neutral atoms (they occupy less space due to less electrons)
Anions are larger than neutral atoms (they occupy more space due to more electrons)
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How would you expect the periodic trend for ion sizes to be?
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Radius increases as you move left and down
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One may expect electrostatic forces among ions to be stronger (based on Coulomb's law)....
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the larger the charge of the ions
and/or
the smaller the size of the ions
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T/F? Ionic compounds tend to have high melting/boiling points because electrostaic forces are strong?
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True
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Ionic compounds that are INSOLUBLE in water are comprised of ions that have...
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large charge and small size
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Ionic compounds that are SOLUBLE in water are comprised of ions that have...
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small charge and large size
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A simple rule to make predictions about the solubility of ionic compounds based on ion charge is:
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Multiply the charges together, if = 4 or more, then it is SOLUBLE
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Hydroxide ion
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OH ˉ
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Nitrate ion
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(NO3)ˉ
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Sulfate ion
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(SO4)ˉ2
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Phosphate ion
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(PO4)ˉ3
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Carbonate ion
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(CO3)ˉ2
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Ammonium ion
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(NH4)+
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