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MUSC 200: MIDTERM DEFINITIONS
Intervals
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distance between 2 notes. distance intervals can be major, minor, augmented, or diminished
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Melody
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organized sequence of notes w/ some type of rhythmic order that creates a unit. The main tune
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Disjunct/Conjunct
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marked by large gaps & jagged up & down contours/movement by small steps & intervals between notes, smooth flow
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Counterpoint
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when 2 distinct but related melodies are heard at the same time in music (also: disphony)
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Polyphony
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multiple sounds
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Note/tone
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represents pitch and duration of musical sound
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Scales
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arbitrary sequence of pitches, usu. ascending or desceding
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Modes
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sequence of pitches based on a hierarchy w/ extra-musical connotations
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Microtones
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notes found between a half step
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Harmony
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based on way in which pitches are sounded simultaneously & how they relate to each other
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Chord/Harmonic Progressions
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3 or more pitches (consonant intervals) sounded simultaneously/series of chords that aims to establish tonality founded on a key chord
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Tone cluster
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3 or more pitches sounded simultaneously (dissonant intervals)
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Consonance/Dissonance
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tonal fusion between notes that is pleasing/unstable combination of notes that is jarring
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Rhythm
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organization of sounds in time
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Beat
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pulse of work/piece
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Tempo
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how fast/slow the beat passes by
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Meter |
grouping of beats (double, triple, quadruple)
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Measure/bar
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segment of time corresponding to a specific number of beats
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Accent
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indicates emphasis placed on a note
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Subdivision
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breaking the beat up into smaller parts (ie, in 4/4, playing 2 eighth notes rather than 1 quarter note)
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Syncopation
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accentuation of weak or upbeats
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Polyrhythm
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2 rhythms playing at the same time that are different (measure preserving polymeter: ie, 3/4 and 4/4 played at the same time, the 3 beats are stretched to take same time as the 4)
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Polymeter
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different measure sizes played at the same time, but with the same beat (ie, 7/4 4/4, since the beat is the same, the meters eventually agree)
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Hemiola
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alteration of 3 meters against 2
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Non-metric music
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music undivided by bars, not grouped together
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Binary form
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a/b
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Ternary form
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a/b/a
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Rondo form
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a/b/a/c/a
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