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HES 2823: SECTION 4
Water function |
1. Medium of a cell
2. Transport of nutrients/waste 3. Cells surrounded by water 4. Dissipate heat from the body
|
Electrolytes (list) |
1. Sodium
2. Chloride 3. Potassium
|
Electrolytes are required... |
nerve transmission
|
Dehydration causes... |
1. sweating
2. diarrhea 3. vomiting
|
How much water do fat cells contain? |
Almost none
|
Water compartments: Extracellular (outside cell) |
blood,
interstitial fluid, eyeballs, Na
|
Water compartments: Intracellular (inside cell) |
K
|
Recommendations for water during sweating: |
1. drink small amounts of water frequently
2. replace sodium
|
Phytochemicals are... |
Phytochemicals are... |
Soybeans contain... |
phytoestrogens
|
Soybeans contain... |
relieves symptoms of menopause, may reduce breast cancer risk, reduce heart disease risk
|
Tomatoes contain... |
lycopene
|
Lycopene is a... |
red pigment and the strongest antioxidant in food
|
Lycopene reduces... |
cancer risk
|
function of garlic |
reduce heart disease risk
|
function of broccoli |
reduces cancer risks
|
Blueberries contain ______, which reduce ______ risk |
antioxidants, cancer
|
Dr. K says to incorporate _____ into your diet. |
COLOR
|
Herbs are |
plants with medicinal value
|
Kessler was a man who... |
took on smoking industry and exposed the impact of smoking on health as director of the FDA.
|
Kessler was bothered by vitamin/mineral supplement industry but his plan... |
backfired and instead protected the industry with the Dietary Supplement Act of 1998.
|
Dietary Supplement Act says |
any dietary supplement can be sold without proof of safety and effectiveness.
|
The only regulatory item on the Diet. Sup. Act is |
it prevents rodents
|
Standardized means |
the same amount of active ingredient in each batch/pill
|
Echinacea |
herb used to prevent/treat common cold...WEAK evidence
|
St. John's Wort |
herb used in treatment of mild depression
|
Ginger |
herb used to treat upset stomach; calms spasms in small intestines
|
Ginkgo |
herb used to treat upset stomach; calms spasms in small intestines
|
Ginseng |
herb used for general well being...WEAK evidence.
|
Chamomile |
herb used for general well being...WEAK evidence.
|
Guarana |
herb similar to caffeine
|
Unsafe herb |
herb similar to caffeine
|
Ephedra is a |
mild stimulant, ergogenic aid
|
Ephedra has been |
banned |
Salmonellosis |
bacteria causing food poisoning; not life threatening.
In poultry.
|
Botulism |
anaeroloic bacteria found in canned goods and raw honey. Paralyzes.
|
E. coli |
anaeroloic bacteria found in canned goods and raw honey. Paralyzes.
|
Trichinosis |
parasite from pork
|
Food Additives (GRAS) |
(Generally Recognized As Safe)
salt, ginger
|
nitrites, nitrates are added to |
processed meats to prevent botulism, but are converted into nitrosamines, which are carcinogens.
|
Nitrosamines cause |
stomach cancer
|
Nitrosamines are found |
in deli meat
|
Delaney Clause |
any food additive that causes cancer is banned
|
__________ were banned by the Delaney Clause |
Artificial Sweeteners
|
Too much salt causes |
hypertension
|
Kidneys regulate |
sodium, so only salt sensitive people develop high bp from salt
|
DASH Diet |
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertention; fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy
|
Alcohol |
7 cal/g; addictive in some; safe amount = 1 oz.
|