HES 2823: SECTION 4
48 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
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Water function
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1. Medium of a cell
2. Transport of nutrients/waste 3. Cells surrounded by water 4. Dissipate heat from the body
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Electrolytes (list)
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1. Sodium
2. Chloride 3. Potassium
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Electrolytes are required...
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nerve transmission
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Dehydration causes...
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1. sweating
2. diarrhea 3. vomiting
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How much water do fat cells contain?
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Almost none
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Water compartments: Extracellular (outside cell)
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blood,
interstitial fluid, eyeballs, Na
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Water compartments: Intracellular (inside cell)
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K
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Recommendations for water during sweating:
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1. drink small amounts of water frequently
2. replace sodium
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Phytochemicals are...
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Phytochemicals are...
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Soybeans contain...
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phytoestrogens
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Soybeans contain...
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relieves symptoms of menopause, may reduce breast cancer risk, reduce heart disease risk
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Tomatoes contain...
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lycopene
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Lycopene is a...
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red pigment and the strongest antioxidant in food
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Lycopene reduces...
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cancer risk
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function of garlic
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reduce heart disease risk
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function of broccoli
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reduces cancer risks
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Blueberries contain ______, which reduce ______ risk
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antioxidants, cancer
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Dr. K says to incorporate _____ into your diet.
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COLOR
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Herbs are
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plants with medicinal value
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Kessler was a man who...
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took on smoking industry and exposed the impact of smoking on health as director of the FDA.
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Kessler was bothered by vitamin/mineral supplement industry but his plan...
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backfired and instead protected the industry with the Dietary Supplement Act of 1998.
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Dietary Supplement Act says
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any dietary supplement can be sold without proof of safety and effectiveness.
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The only regulatory item on the Diet. Sup. Act is
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it prevents rodents
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Standardized means
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the same amount of active ingredient in each batch/pill
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Echinacea
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herb used to prevent/treat common cold...WEAK evidence
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St. John's Wort
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herb used in treatment of mild depression
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Ginger
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herb used to treat upset stomach; calms spasms in small intestines
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Ginkgo
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herb used to treat upset stomach; calms spasms in small intestines
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Ginseng
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herb used for general well being...WEAK evidence.
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Chamomile
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herb used for general well being...WEAK evidence.
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Guarana
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herb similar to caffeine
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Unsafe herb
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herb similar to caffeine
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Ephedra is a
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mild stimulant, ergogenic aid
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Ephedra has been
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banned
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Salmonellosis
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bacteria causing food poisoning; not life threatening.
In poultry.
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Botulism
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anaeroloic bacteria found in canned goods and raw honey. Paralyzes.
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E. coli
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anaeroloic bacteria found in canned goods and raw honey. Paralyzes.
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Trichinosis
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parasite from pork
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Food Additives (GRAS)
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(Generally Recognized As Safe)
salt, ginger
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nitrites, nitrates are added to
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processed meats to prevent botulism, but are converted into nitrosamines, which are carcinogens.
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Nitrosamines cause
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stomach cancer
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Nitrosamines are found
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in deli meat
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Delaney Clause
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any food additive that causes cancer is banned
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__________ were banned by the Delaney Clause
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Artificial Sweeteners
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Too much salt causes
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hypertension
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Kidneys regulate
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sodium, so only salt sensitive people develop high bp from salt
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DASH Diet
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Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertention; fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy
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Alcohol
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7 cal/g; addictive in some; safe amount = 1 oz.
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HES 2823: EXAM 2