View
- Term
- Definition
- Both Sides
Study
- All (34)
Shortcut Show
Next
Prev
Flip
Study Guide: Biopysch
Declarative Memory |
Explicit or episodic Facts and events |
Nondeclarative Memory |
Implicit Skills, habits, classical conditioning |
Encoding |
Classifying/categorizing experiences |
Consolidation |
Short term memory to long term memory |
Retrograde Amnesia |
Retrograde amnesia is a form of amnesia where someone will be unable to recall events that occurred before the development of amnesia. |
Anterograde Amnesia |
Anterograde amnesia is a loss of the ability to create memories after the event that caused the amnesia occurs. |
MAO inhibitors |
Block destruction of excess monoamines in terminals. |
Tricyclic Antidepressants |
Block reuptake of monoamines at the synapse. |
Monoamine Hypothesis |
Depresion involves reduced activity at norepinephrine and serotonin synapses. |
Lithium Carbonate |
Stabilizes neurotransmitter and receptor systems to prevent the large swings seen n manic-depressive cycling. Affects several neurotransmitter systems. |
Diathesis |
A predisposition to become depressed. |
Diathesis Stress Model |
Some indication that early exposure to stress increases the likelihood of developing depression in adulthood. |
Serotonin Transporter |
Monoamine transporter protein that is responsible for reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron. |
Hyperfrontality |
Excessive activity in prefrontal cortex and amygdala |
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia |
Delusions (false beliefs, illogical thinking), hallucinations (false sensory perceptions), disorganized speech (incomprehensible language) |
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia |
Social withdrawal, anhedonia, blunted affect (flattening of emotional expression), avolition (inability to initiate and sustain goal directed behavior), alogia (poverty of speech) |
Phenothiazines (i.e. chlorpromazine) |
1st class of drugs used for treatment of schizophrenia. Tranquilizers that calmed surgical patients, did not treat schizophrenia. |
Dopamine Hypothesis |
Schizophrenia involves excessive dopamine activity in the brain. |
Tardive Dyskinesia |
Tremors and involuntary movements caused by blocking of dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia. Side effect of antipsychotic drugs used to treat schizophrenia. |
Atypical Antipsychotics (i.e. clozapine) |
Target D2 receptors much less, so they produce motor problems only at much higher doses. Fewer side effects. Treats some negative symptoms. |
Hypofrontality |
Reduced activity in the frontal lobes. |
Glutamate Theory |
Reduced glutamate activity in the prefrontal cortex is involved in schizophrenia. Atypical antipsychotics increase glutamate levels. |
Sympathetic Adrenal Medullary Pathway |
1. Activation of sympathetic nervous system
2. Stimulation of multiple organs by neurotransmitters (norepinephrine and epinephrine)
3. Stimulation of adrenal medulla (ACh)
4. Release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood stream |
Antibodies |
Produced by B cells of the immune system to recognize foreign antigens (invaders) and mark them for destruction. |
T-Cells |
White blood cells that kill invaders. |
B-Cells |
Fights intruders by producing antibodies that attack a particular cell type. |
Natural Killer Cells |
Attack and destroy certain kinds of cancer cells and cells infected with virues. Less specific in their targets than T or B cells. |
Innate Immunity |
No memory, anatomical barriers, phagocytes (macrophage), natural killer cells, inflammatory response (histamine release) |
Acquired Immunity |
Protects against specific microorganisms, memory, acquired through having disease or immunization, T cells, B cells (antibodies) |
Dorsomedial Thalamus |
Structure of the brain that plays a role in memory. |
Medial Temporal Lobe System |
H.M. Symptoms: anterograde amnesia, mild retrograde amnesia, consolidatin disrupted, hippocampus & amygdala involved |
N.A. |
Deficits: anterograde amnesia, encoding functions disrupted, dorsomedial thalamus involved. |
Korsakoff's Syndrome |
Deficits: anterograde amnesia & remote memory loss, encoding & retrieval functions disrupted, brain areas involved are widespread, including frontal cortex and mammillary bodies of diencephalon. |
H.M. |
Bilateral temporal lobe damage from surgery for epilepsy at 27 years old. Has difficulty learning and retaining new information (consolidation) |