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PSYCH 110: Final
Psychodynamic Theory |
active, moving, changing, managing
|
Psychoanalysis |
unconscious and how it influences behavior
proposed by Freud |
Deterministic |
your mind makes decisions you cannot control
|
Pessimistic |
our minds are motiavated by needs of social restrain conflict
|
Hysteria |
physical symptom with no physical cause
|
Seduction Hypothesis |
adults are seducing children- sexual problems are the key to hysteria- not well recieved by Vienna Society for Psychiatry and Neurology- Revised: repressed sexuality could come from imagined rather than actual sexual events
|
Psychosexual Stages |
Oral
-Anal -Phallic -Latent -Genital -All according to Freud |
Oral Stage |
birth to 2
-pleasure by eating or stimulation of lips |
Anal Stage |
2-4 years old
,toilet training -anal explusive- likes making messes |
Phallic Stage |
4-6 years old
, Castration Anxiety -Penis Envy -attraction to the opposite sex parent |
Latent Stage |
6-12 years old
,bond with same sex parents |
Genital Stage |
12-death
.personal and sexual maturity |
3 components of personality |
Id, Superego, Ego
|
Id |
innate biological needs
-ex. aggression, sex |
Superego |
values, religion, restraints imposed by society
-learned through socialization, internalized |
Ego |
keeps the Id and Superego in line
-satisfy needs w/o violating conceptions of right and wrong -defense mechanisms |
Defense Mechanisms Examples |
Repression, Supression, Denial, Projection, Displacement, Regression, Identification, Rationalization, Compensation, Intellectualization, Reaction Formation |
Benefit of Defense Mechanisms |
reduce anxiety
|
Costs of Defense Mechanisms |
prevent realistic elimination of conflict- distorts reality
|
Freud's Contributions |
learned hidden causes of behavior
-early childhood affects adulthood |
Freud's Criticisms |
overstated sex- limited sample of case studies- bias in data selection- no theories on females or gay people- structured so he would never be wrong |
Anna Freud |
listed ego's defense mechanisms- advancements in child psychiatry- 1st to use play therapy
|
Alfred Adler |
not about sex- about individual- motivation from mind, not biological instincts- not Id
|
Carl Jung |
people are different, but share aspects- analytic psychology- purpose of personality= achieve a balance between conscious and unconscious
|
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator |
Extraversion vs. Introversion=where we get our energy, Sensing vs. Intuiting=how we gather information, Thinking vs. Feeling= how we make decisions, Perceiving vs. Judging= relate to outer world - gather info and make decisions
|
Karen Horney |
development of psychology of women- rejected penis envy- men have womb envy- self-analysis
|
OCEAN of personality |
Openness to experience
Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism |
Personality in order |
Extraversion
Neuroticism Openness to Experience Conscientiousness Agreeableness |
Psychopathology |
When functioning starts to suffer- disease of the mind
|
Criteria for psychopathology |
abnormal behavior, violation of social and cultural norms, distress or personal suffering
|
DSM-IV-TR |
Clinicians use a handbook to help classify their clients' complaints- Diagnostic and Statitical Manual of Mental Disorders Text Revision- classifies disorders
|
Axis I |
more curable- mania and schizophrenia
|
Axis II |
personality disorders and mental retardation- harder to get rid of- Anxiety Disorders, Dissociative Disorders, Somatoform Disorders, Mood Disorders, Schizophrenic Disorders
|
Axis III |
general medical condition
|
Axis IV |
psychosocial and enviornmental problems
|
Axis V |
Global Assessment of Functioning, 0-100, 100=no symptoms, 0= bad
|
Agoraphobia |
panic disorder- won't leave house to be outside- scared of wide open spaces
|
OCD |
3 C behaviors- Cleaning, Counting, Checking- Ritualistic-irrational-uncontrollable
|
Dissociative Disorders |
Axis II- feel the need to avoid anxiety, and they dissociate themselves to do this
|
Dissociative Identity- Multiple Personality Disorder |
alter egos- alter personalities- personalies have different age, name- protector identities
|
Somatoform Disorders |
physical complaints w/o organic basis- nothing physically wrong but they feel pain or imbalance or speech
|
Hypochodriasis |
recurring complaints of being ill- aren't actually sick
|
Somatoform Pain Disorder |
complaints of severe lasting pain
|
Conversion Disorder |
loss of function or control of a body part- seen with soldiers who don't want to return to battle
|
Mood Disorders |
Major Depression- Bipolar Disorders
= genetic |
Bipolar Disorder |
previously manic depression- elevated mood- inflated self-esteem- lower need for sleep- may or may not have depressed side- may cause productivity if channeled in positive directions- genetic
|
Lithium |
Prevents cycling between mania and depression
|
Schizophrenic Disorders |
Paranoid, Disorganize, Catonic, Undifferentiated, Residual
|
Two Domains of Social Psychology |
Structure of the Self and Changing the Behavior of Others
|
Self-Concept is created by what? |
Self-Perception and Social comparison
|
Self-Perception |
conclusions drawn following our observation of our own observation
|
Social Comparison |
conclusions drawn following our comparisons of our behavior of other people
|
Schanenfreude |
taking pleasure in the failure of others whom you envy
|
Self-handicapping |
purposefully sabotage our own performance- making excuses before it happens, so if you do bad, it's not your fault
|
Cutting off reflected failure |
distancing ourselves from others failures
|
Basking in reflected glory |
... |
What is Self-Esteem |
how you see yourself as good or bad- apart of your personality- Trait vs. State
|
Trait |
one global indicator
|
State |
measures global self-worth without reference to any specific facets of the self- do you feel good about yourself
|
3 Measures of State Self-Esteem |
Appearance, Social, Performance
|
2 Persuasion Tactics |
Peripheral Route and Central Route
|