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BIOL 1103K: Chapter 1 Test Review

What are the six characteristics of living organisms?
Acquire and use materials and energy, maintain organized complexity (homeostasis,) perceive and respond to stimuli, grow, reproduce, and have the capacity to evolve collectively
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All energy ultimately comes from...
The sun
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Name the domains and kingdoms of life
Domais Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya with kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia
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An organism from the domain Bacteria is _karyotic, _cellular, and can be either an _troph or _troph
pro, uni, auto or hetero
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An organism from the domain Archaea is _karyotic, _cellular, and can be either an _troph or _troph
pro, uni, auto or het
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An organism from the kingdom Fungi is a _karyotic, _cellular _troph.
eu, multi, hetero
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An organism from the kingdom Plantae is a _karyotic, _cellular _troph.
eu, multi, auto
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An organism from the kingdom Animalia is a _karyotic, _cellular _troph.
eu, multi, hetero
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An organism from the kingdom Protista is a _karyotic, _cellular or _cellular _troph or _troph.
eu, uni or multi, auto or hetero
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All cells share the following features:
plasma membrane, organelles, DNA
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prokaryotic
"before nucleus," small and simple cells that lack membrane-enclosed organelles, and lack a nucleus, ex. Bacteria and Archaea
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eukaryotic
"true nucleus," large and complex cells that contain a variety of organelles and a nucleus, ex. Eukarya
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autotroph
"self-feeding" organism that makes its own food, ex. plant
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heterotroph
"other-feeding" organism that ingests molecules from the bodies of other organisms, ex. animal or fungus
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unicellular
single-celled organism, ex. Bacteria and Archaea
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multicellular
many-celled organism ex. fungus, plant, animal
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the six steps of the Scientific Method
observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, conclusion
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controlled variable
variables that are controlled within an experiment to make sure that only the experimental variable affects the outcome
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experimental variable
the variable that is altered in an experiment in order to test it
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control group
subject in an experiment that is left unchanged to compare it to the experimental group
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scientific theory
general and reliable explanation of important natural phenomena developed through extensive and reproducible observations and experiments
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natural law
a basic principle derived from the study of nature, which has never been disproved by scientific inquiry
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cell theory
all living organism are composed of cells
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Who discovered penicillin through scientific experimentation?
Alexander Fleming
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