103 Cards in this Set
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smoking is calming for
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schizophrenia
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what are the main three things that a person must meet one of in order to be diagnosed with schizophrenia
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delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech
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for____there must be continuous signs of the distance and persistent symptoms for at least 6 months
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schizophrenia
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Personality Disorder: Paranoid Personality Disorder
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Characterized by pattern of excess & unjustified distrust or suspicion. Not likely to seek help due to lack of trust.
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schizoid
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indifference to interpersonal relationships emotional coldness
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schizotypal
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paranoid, beliefs that random events are related to the individual
magical thinking, social isolation, perceptual illusions
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what are the top three symptoms/signs of schizophrenia
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delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech
disturbed behavior, emotions, thinking and perceptions
negative symptoms
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acute episode schizophrenia
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short and intense, hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder, altered sense of self
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when is the onset for schizophrenia
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late teens early 20's
-earlier for men than women
men ~ 20's
women ~ 30's
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What are the prodromal signs of schizophrenia?
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Social isolation, Impairment of role function, odd behavior and ideas, neglect of personal hygiene, blunted affect (mood), preoccupation with homosexual themes, doubts regarding sexual identity, exaggerated sexual needs, altered sexual performance, fears of intimacy
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psychosis
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unable to tell difference between real and unreal
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characteristics of pyshcosis
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see things/hear things that do NOT exist
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more than____of people with schizophrenia seek treatment in a mental health or general health hospital every year
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90
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us spends roughly ____% on schizophrenia every year
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3
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____%-____in US will develop schizophrenia
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1/2
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____%-____% in general population with develop schizophrenia internationally
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.5-2
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t or f: most with schizophrenia live independently or with family
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t
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delusions are beliefs that
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are believed to be true but are highly unlikely to occur
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self deceptive
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when you have a belief and you omit any other ideas or thoughts that dont match your belief
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self deceptive v delusions
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self deceptions are possible
only think of these on occassion
can usually acknowledge that your beliefs are wrong
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persecutory delusions
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belief that they are being watched
people in authority watching and out to get them
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delusion of reference
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belief that random statements or events are directed at them
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grandiose delusions
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beliefs that one is a special being or possessses special power
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delusions of thought insertion
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belief that ones thoughts arebeing controlled by outside forces
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somatic delusion
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beliefthat one's appearance or part of ones body diseased or altered
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delusions are often associated with ___disorders
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BP and depression
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schizo across cultures: euros afraid of
afro-carib:
japan:
german/australlians
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CIA
killing them with curses
slandered or people know alot about them
committingsins
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what is themost common hallucination
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auditory
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t or f: visual hallucinations are often accompanied by auditory hallucinations
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t
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tactile v somatic hallucinations
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perception that something is happening tooutside of persons body
-somatic: inside
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Formal Thought Disorder
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Disturbance in the form rather than the content of thought; thinking characterized by loosened associations, neologisms, and illogical constructs; thought process is disordered, and the person is defined as psychotic.
Characteristic of schizophrenia.
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neologisms
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new word or condensed ombination of several words coined by a person to express a highly complex idea. seen in schizophrenia-meaningless words unless to that person
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clangs
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forming word associations based on sound instead of meaning
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____tend to show more severe deficitsin language
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men
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schizophrenias have/do not have trouble with daily functioning
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do
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Catatonia
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Some schizophrenics may remain motionless for hours (or move extremely slowly) and then become agitated
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excited catatonia
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agitated and hyperactive
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negative symptoms of schizo
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losses or deficits in certain domains
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affectiveflatting
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blunted affect
severe reduction of abscence of affective (emotional) responsesto environment
-fact immobile and bodymay be unresponsive
-monotone, avoid eye contact
-lose ability to experience emotion
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____experiencemotionbut cannot express
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affective flatting
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alogia
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poverty of speech, reduction in speaking
-won't initiate speech with others and may give brief, empty replies
lack of thought and motivation
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Avolition
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Inability to initiate or persist in important activities. Also known as apathy
-lack of motivation
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cognitive deficits include
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difficulty focusing,deficits in working memory
-difficulty paying attention
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t or f: researchers have found that relatives of those withschizophrenia ALSO show many of their cognitive deficits
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t
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prdromal symptoms
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present before acute phase
****UNUSUAL but NOTdelusional
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residual symptoms
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present after they emerge from acute phase
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show negative symptoms including:
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lower education attainment, less success in jobs
poorer performance andpoorer prognosis
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negative symtpoms prominent in____phases
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prodromal and residual phases
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prevalence of schizophrenia
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1%
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___million people getreated for schizo
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1 mil
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scientist believe that schizo is ____rooted
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biological
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____users are more likely to develop disorders like schizophrenia
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cannabis
-heavy users:200%
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meth users are ___% more likely to develop a schizophrenic disorder
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1100
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dependent___users are 3300% more likely todevelop schizophrenic disorderrs
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meth
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it is thought that early and late gray matter deficits can be thecause of
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schizophrenia
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____is affectedin schizophrenia
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superior temporal gyrus" auditory and speech
-dorosolateral prefrontal cortex: motor planning,organization,regulation and integrating sensation and memory
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what are the traits that must be present for a diagnosis of schizophrenia
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2 or more of following for a significatn portion oftimeduring a 1 month period (or less if treated) at least one of:
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized orcatatonicbehavior,negative symptoms
-level of function in major area affected
-continuous signs …
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egaz moniz
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pyschosurgery-
inspired by frontal lobe lesions- prefrontal lobotomy
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type 1 v type 2 schizo
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1: more flagrant/positive smyptoms
hallucinations
delusions
loose assocations
abrupt onset
preserved intellectual ability
more avorable to medication
2: negative symptoms
lack ofemotion
low motivation
loss of ability to experience pleasure
social withdrawl
pverty of speech
…
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brief psychotic disorder
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one of positive symptoms for at least a day but less than a month
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Delusional disorder
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1. Nonbizarre delusions lasting at least 1 mo.
2. Criteria A for schizophrenia never met
3. Except impact of delusions, functioning is not impaired
4. If mood episodes have occured during delusions they are brief compared to delusional period
5. Distubance not due to medical or substa…
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Schizophreniform
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the same as schizophrenia but less than 6 months and longer than 1 month
if residual phase extends 6 months then it becomes schizophrenia
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Schizoaffective disorder
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mood disorder features, 2 or more weeks of psychotic in the absence of mood disorder
-mixed schizophrenia and mood disorder
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endophenotype
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measurable characteristics that can give clues regarding the specific genes involved in a disorder
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is schizophrenia genetic
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yes
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schizo study on twins found
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it is not necessarily genetic; biological components as well
-can be measured on MRI and PET
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expressing hostile emotion (EE) is more commonly see from patients in ____EE families
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high
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disturbed symptoms
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behavior
thinking
emotions
perceptions
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acute episodes
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delusions
hallucinations
inchoerent speech
bizarre behavior
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delusional disorder with erotomanic type:
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applies whencentral theme of the delusion is that another person is in love with the individual
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delusional with grandiose type
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conviction of having some great, but unrecognized, talent or insight to having made an important discovery
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delusion jealous type
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belief that his or her spouse is unfaithful
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persecutory type
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beingconspired against
-watched, chased, poisoned,drugged
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somatic type
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delusion involves bodily functions and sensations
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mixerd type
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when no single delusional theme predominates
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delusional disorder is specify if____
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bizzare content
-delusions deemed bizzareif they areimplausible, not understnadable and not derivedfromordinarylifeexperiences
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important part of schizophrenia isthat prodromal and residual periods canonly incl;ude
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NEGATIVE smyptoms OR two or more listed inaA
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t or f: for schizophrenia to bediagnosed, schioaffective and depression/bipolar must beruledout
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TRUE
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Schizophreniform
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the same as schizophrenia but less than 6 months and longer than 1 month
if residual phase extends 6 months then it becomes schizophrenia
schizoaffective and depressive/biopolar havebeen ruled out
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schizoaffective
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major mood epsiode concurrent withschizophrenia symptoms
-delusions or hallucinations for 2 or moreweeksin absenceofamajor mood episode
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brief psychotic disorder
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one or more symptoms
***DO NOT include symptoms if cultural norms
-at leastone daybutLESS than one month
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brief psychotic disorder with:
marked stressors
without marked stressors
with pospartum onset
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brief reactive: response to an eventthat would cause stress to anyone
- no events
onset during pregnancy or within 4 weeks postpartum
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who is most often obese
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black, nonhispanic women
followed by mexicanamerican women
and mexican americanmales
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indirect pathways to obesity
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social pressure-> body dissatisfaction-> dieting-> diet failure-> bingeeating
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b/w __%-____% of diets fail
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85-90
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emotionalpathway to obesity
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negative emotions-binge eating-weight gain
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compared to 05-07 colorado obesity rate inc or dec
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increased!was18.4andnow> 20
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lifetime prevalence of anorexia and bulimia M: W
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3:01
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bing eating disorder prevalence (lifetime) ~
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2.80%
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anorexia lifetime prevalence~
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0.60%
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in DSM IV-TR the most diagnosed eating disorder was
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EDNOS
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anorexia
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resitrction of energy intake relative to reqs,body, height,etc
-intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat,persistent behavior that interferes with weight gain, even though at significantly low weight
-disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced, undue …
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anorexia specifies
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restricted type
binge-eating/purging type
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anorexia restricting type
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during last 3 months, individual has not engaged in recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging behavior
-weight loss through dieting, fasting and excessive exercise
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binge eating/purging type
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during last 3 months, individual has engaged in recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging behavior
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medical complications of anorexia
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brain/nerves cannot thinkright, moody, irritable
malnurished,low BP, slowhr,palpitations, thin hair,brittle, kidney stones/failure
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bulimia
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recurrent episodes of binging and purging
-laxatives and all you can eat
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Bulimia: DSM
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Recurrent episodes of binge eating
Feeling a lack of control
Compensatory behavior
At least twice a week for 3 months
Purging vs. Non purging
marked distress regarding binge eating is present
NOT associated with bulimia nervosa or anorexia
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annual rates of bulimia
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3
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binger-eating annual rate
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1.2
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subthreshold binge eatingrates
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~.6
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Binge eating disorder
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Recurrent episodes of binge eating associated with >3:
eating more rapidly than normal, eating until uncomfortably full, eating large amounts when not hungry, eating alone due to embarrassment about how much one eats, feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or guilty after overeating …
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___are still most common disorder among older adults
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anxiety disorders
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PSY 320: EXAM 3