PSY 204: Ch. 1: Looking at Abnormality
21 Cards in this Set
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psychopathology
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the study of abnormal psychology is the study of people who suffer mental, emotional and often physical pain
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cultural relativism
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the view that there are no universal standards or rules for labeling a behavior as abnormal. instead, behaviors can be labeled abnormal only relative to cultural norms.
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dysfunctional
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behaviors, thoughts or feelings are known as dysfuncitonal when they interfere with the person's ability to function in daily life, to hold a job or to form close relationships
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The four D's of abnormality
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dysfunction, distress, deviance, dangerousness
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distress
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feelings and behaviors that cause distress to the individual or to others around him/her are also likely to be considered abnormal.
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deviant
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highly deviant behaviors such as hearing voices when no one else is around lead to judgments of abnormality
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biological theories
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view abnormal behavior as similar to physical diseases, caused by the breakdown of systems in the body
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supernatural theories
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view abnormal behavior as a result of divine intervention, curses, demonic possession and personal sin
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psychological theories
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view abnormal behavior as a result of traumas, such as bereavement, or of chronic stress
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trephination
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tool used for drilling into the skull in the stone ages to allow spirits to depart from the brain
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psychic epidemics
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a phenomenon in which large numbers of people engage in unusual behaviors that appear to have a psychological origin
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mental hygiene movement
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based on the psychological view that people developed problems because they had become separated from nature and succumbed to the stresses imposed by the rapid social changes of the period (eighteenth and nineteenth centuries)
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moral treatment
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based on the belief that abnormalities could be cured by restoring patients'dignity and tranquility
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general paresis
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disease that leads to paralysis, insanity and eventually death
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mesmerism
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healing of abnormalities by a person touching patients' heads to realign the brain based of of their magnetic forces p
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psychoanalysis
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the study of the unconscious
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self-efficacy beliefs
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people's beliefs about their ability to execute behaviors necessary to control important events are crucial in determining people's well-being
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patients' rights movement
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argued that mental patients can recover more fully or live more satisfying lives if they are integrated into the community (1960) through the process of deinstitutionalization
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community mental health movement
movement attempting to provide mental health services to people in
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movement attempting to provide mental health services to people in community mental health centers (1963)
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halfway houses
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offer people with long-term mental health problems the opportunity to live in a structured, supportive environment as they try to reestablish working relationships and ties to family and firends
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managed care
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collection of methods for coordinating care that ranges from simple monitoring to total control over what care can be provided and paid for
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