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STAT 210: Ch. 1 Basic Terms and Concepts
Statistics |
The science of data |
Population |
The entire group of subjects about which the researcher wants information |
Parameter |
Some characteristic of the population that the researcher wants to measure |
Mu |
The mean average of a population |
Pi |
The proportion of a population that are successes |
unknown |
The true value of the parameter |
Sample |
A subset of the population |
Statistic |
A descriptive measure that can be expressed or evaluated numerically |
X-bar |
The mean of a sample |
Proportion of a sample that are successes |
Proportion of a sample that are successes |
Inference |
A statement about a population based on the data collected in a sample |
Distribution |
A listing of all the possible values that a characteristic can take and the number or percentage of times that each value occurs |
Descriptive and Inferential |
The two branches of statistics |
Descriptive statistics |
The branch of statistics concerned with numerical and graphical techniques |
Inferential statistics |
The branch of statistics in which we use data and statistics computed from a sample to make statements |
The goal of statistics
|
To measure some characteristics about a subject or set of subjects |
Constant |
When the measurement of characteristics do not change i repeated trials |
variable |
When the measurements of some characteristics vary or change from trial to trial |
variables |
The primary observation in statistics |
qualitative and quantitative |
The two categories of variables |
Qualitative variable |
A variable whose measurements vary in kind or name but not in degree
|
Quantitative variable
|
A variable whose measurements vary in magnitude from trial to trial |