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POLI SCI 106: Midterm 1
Sovereignty |
the ability of states to carry out actions or policies within a territory independently from external actors or internal rivals.
|
institutions |
organizations or activities that are self-perpetuating and valued for their own sake. |
Politics |
the struggle in any group for power that will give one or more persons the ability to make decisions for the larger group |
Comparative Politics |
the study and comparison of domestic policies across countries |
Comparative Method
|
a way to make comparisons across cases and draw conclusions. |
Quantitative Method |
study through statistical data from many cases |
Qualitative Method |
study through an in-depth investigation of a limited number of cases |
Statecraft |
the study of how to govern |
Modernization Theory |
a theory asserting that as societies developed, they would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy and capitalism |
Behavioralism |
A movement within political science during the 1950s and 1960s to develop general theories about individual political behavior that could be applied across all countries |
Freedom |
the ability of an individual to act independently, without fear of restriction or punishment by the state or other individuals or groups in society |
Equality |
a shared material standard of individuals within a community, society, or country. |
State
|
1. the organization that maintains a monopoly of violence over a territory
2. A set of political institutions to generate and execute policy regarding freedom and equality. |
Regime |
the fundamental rules and norms of politics, embodying long-term goals regarding individual freedom and collective equality, where power should reside, and the use of that power.
|
Government |
the leadership or elite in charge of running the state. |
Country |
term used to refer to state, government, regime, and the people who live within that political system. |
Legitimacy |
a value whereby something or someone is recognized and accepted as right and proper. |
Traditional Legitimacy |
legitimacy that accepts aspects of politics because they have been institutionalized over a long period of time. |
Charismatic Legitimacy
|
legitimacy built on the force of ideas embodied by an individual leader. |
Rational-legal Legitimacy |
legitimacy based on a system of laws and procedures that are highly institutionalized. |
Federalism |
a system in which significant state powers, such as taxation, lawmaking, and security, are devolved to regional or local bodies. |
Unitary States |
a state in which most political power exists at the national level, with limited local authority |
Strong State
|
a state that is able to fulfill basic tasks, such as defending territory, making and enforcing rules, collecting taxes, and managing the economy. |
Weak State |
a state that has difficulty fulfilling basic tasks, such as defending territory, making and enforcing rules, collect taxes, and managing the economy. |
Failed State
|
a state so weak that its political structures collapse, leading to anarchy and violence. |
Capacity |
the ability of the state to wield power to carry out basic tasks, such as defending territory, making and enforcing rules, collecting taxes, and managing the economy. |
Autonomy |
the ability of the state to wield its power independently of the public. |