BIOLOGY 151: Inside the Cell
25 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
|
Nucleus
|
contains chromosomes (DNA and proteins)
|
|
Nuclear envelope
|
encloses the nucleus
|
|
Inner and Outer nuclear envelopes
|
perforated by pores which act as pumps to transport proteins and RNA
|
|
Ribosomes
|
protein synthesis
|
|
Endoplasmic Reticulum
|
network of membrane enclosed tubes, discs
|
|
Smooth ER
|
synthesis of many molecules, like lipids and carbohydrates, storage
|
|
Rough ER
|
protein synthesis/processing
|
|
Golgi apparatus
|
stack of flattened membrane-bound discs, finishes and packages proteins for export
secretion of proteins via transport and secretor vesicles
|
|
Trafficking of vesicles
|
end with "somes"
|
|
Exo/endocytosis
|
Exo: exports materials from the cell
Endo: imports materials into cell
pinch off or fuse membrane
|
|
Pathway of proteins
|
proteins-> into ER lumen -> vesicles (transport) -> Golgi apparatus -> secretory vesicles -> outside plasma membrane
|
|
Lysosomes
|
contain digestive enzymes for breaking down molecules
|
|
Vacuoles
|
larger vesicles, storage
|
|
Cells are all about...
|
order
|
|
Cytoskeleton
|
supporting structure made of: dynamic fiber, microtubules, intermediate-filaments, and microfilaments
|
|
Dynamic fiber
|
like polymers of proteins
|
|
Microtubules
|
tubulin
|
|
Intermediate-filaments
|
keratin-type proteins
|
|
Microfilaments
|
actin
|
|
how is movement involving microtubules mediated?
|
Motor proteins - extend or shorten by adding or removing tubulin or actin proteins
|
|
Myosin
|
slides microfilaments past each other (muscle contraction)
|
|
Kinesin
|
walks vesicles along microtubules
|
|
Pseudopodia
|
Blobby
|
|
Filopodia
|
Fine
|
|
Lamellipodia
|
Flat
|
BIOLOGY 151: Inside the Cell