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ASTR 1345: Chapter 1 Discovering the Night Sky
Speed of Light
|
- 300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec
- fastest speed known |
Light from the Sun reaches Earth in ____
|
8min |
Light from the Sun reaches Pluto in ____
|
5 hours 30 mins
|
Nearest Star
|
Proxima Centauri
- 4.2 light years away |
Diameter of the Milky Way
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100,000 light years
|
Sun rises in the ___, and sets in the ___
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Sun rises in the east, and sets in the west
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Moon, planets and stars rise in the ___ and set in the ____
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Moon, planets and stars rise in the east, and set in the west
|
The cycle of day and night goes with ___
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The cycle of day and night goes on with the rising and setting of the Sun
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Seasons ___ throughout the year
|
Seasons change throughout the year
|
Constellations ___ throughout the year
|
Constellations change throughout the year
|
Rotation
|
Earth spins on its axis
- 24 hours
- Day to day changes: formation of day and night |
Revolution |
Earths orbit around the sun
- 365.25 days
- Seasonal changes: winters and summers |
Astronomy
|
study of the entire universe
|
Universe
|
totality of all space, time, matter and energy
|
Day
|
Earth's rotation
|
Month |
Moon's revolution around Earth
|
Year |
Earth's revolution around the Sun
|
Astronomy: importance and usefulness
|
- Time
- Calender
- Religion
- Artificial satellites (communication)
- Physics/Chemistry/Geology/Geophysics/Biology
- Event predictions (eclipse, meteor showers etc.)
- Celestial Navigation (one's position on Earth) |
How many stars are there in our Solar System?
|
One (Sun)
|
How many stars are in our galaxy?
|
Billions |
Is the Milky Way a part of our Solar System?
|
False |
Arrange the Sun, the Moon, Stars, and Pluto in order to most distance from Earth?
|
Earth, Moon, Sun, Pluto, Stars
|
In what direction does our Earth spin?
|
West to East
|
The formation of Seasons is due to?
|
- Earth's orbital motion
- Tilt of Earth's axis to the ecliptic |
When is Earth closest to the Sun?
|
January |
Vernal/Spring Equinox
|
- March 21st
- Sun crosses the celestial equator moving North
- Equal day and night on the entire Earth |
Summer Solstice
|
- June 21st
- Sun is in northernmost point
- Longest day in the Northern hemisphere
- 24 hours of daylight in the Arctic regions near the North Pole
- 24 hours of nighttime in the Antarctic regions near the South Pole |
Autumnal/Fall equinox
|
- September 21st
- Sun moves into the Southern Hemisphere
- Equal day and night on the entire Earth |
Winter Solstice
|
- December 21st
- Sun is at the southernmost point
- The shortest day in the Northern hemisphere
- 24 hours of night in the Arctic regions near the North Pole
- 24 of daylight in the Antarctic region near the South Pole |
Subsolar Point
|
The location on Earth where the Sun rays come directly, at an angle of 90 degrees
|
1º (degree) = _____
|
60 minutes
|
Arcminute
|
1
1' = ------- degrees
60 |
Constellations |
- Names based on Greek astronomy (brightest stars having proper names from antiquity of Arbic or Latin orgin)
|
Celestial Equator is at ____ declination
|
0º declination
|
Lines of Right Ascension
|
Run from North to South from 0 hours and 0 minutes around glove to 23 hours 59 minutes
|
Lines of Declination
|
Run around the globe in concentric circles from -90º at the South Celestial Pole to +90º at the North Celestial Pole
|
New Moon is at __º
|
0º
|
Waxing Crescent is at ___º
|
0º to 90º
|
Full Moon is at ___º
|
180º
|
3rd Quarter Moon is at ___º
|
270º |
1st Quarter
Moon is at ___º
|
90º
|
Waxing Gibbous is at __º
|
90º to 180º
|
Waning Gibbous is at __º |
180º <
|
When the Moon is on the right side it's the ___ cycle
|
Waxing cycle
|
When the Moon is on the left side it's the ___ cycle
|
Waning cycle
|
What time does our solar eclipse occur?
|
Anytime from sunrise to sunset
|