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Psyc 110: Chapter 16
Psycotherapy
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psychological intervention designed to help people resolve emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems and improve the quality of their lives
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In general ___ are more likely to seek psychotherapy
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women |
Hispanic Americans are __ likely than non hispanic americans to seek mental health services
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less |
people ___ be helped by therapists who differ from them in significant ways
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can |
Individuals who experience some anxiety or minor, temporary problems are ___ to benefit from therapy
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likely |
paraprofessional |
a person with no professional training who provides mental health services.
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A therapist who talks a lot about their personal life is likely to be ___.
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ineffective |
In most states the term Therapist __ legally protected
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isn't |
free association
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clients are allowed to express themselves without censorship of any sort
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neo-freudians places ___ emphasis on the unconscious than freudians
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less |
Individualization |
(Jung) the integration of opposing aspects of the patients personality into a harmonious whole namely the self
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Critics of psychodynamic therapies assert that understanding our emotional history (is/isn't) required to relieve psychological distress.
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isn't |
Person-centered therapy
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(Rogers, Humanisitic) the therapist uses reflection to communicate empathy to the client. 4 elements are reflection, Unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness.
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Gestalt two chair technique
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aims to integrate opposing aspects of the clients personality such as the "good boy" and "spoiled brat". Role playing, planned experiences, accept all of their feelings.
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it is __ for self help groups to form on the internet
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common |
The relapse prevention approach teaches people to not feel ashamed or discouraged when they lapse in an effort to avoid the _____ _____ effect.
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abstinence violation
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Strategic Family Interventions
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are designed to remove barriers to effective communication
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In _____ family therapy, the therapist is actively involved in the everyday activities of the family to change the structure of the interactions.
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structural |
Exposure Therapy
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A class of procedures that confronts patients with that they fear with the goal of reducing fear
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Systematic Desensitization
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clients are taught to relax as they are are gradually exposed to what they fear in a stepwise manner
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Flooding is when...
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patients are exposed right away to images of stimuli that they fear the most for prolonged periods
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A crucial component of flooding is _____ _____ in which the therapist blocks patients from performing their typical avoidance behaviors.
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response prevention
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Insight therapy
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main goal is to gain insight with respect to behavior thoughts and feelings
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Action Therapy
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main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly
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Biomedical Therapy
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biological/medical methods are used to relieve symptoms
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Psycoanalysis (freud)
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an insight therapy emphasizing the revealing of unconscious therapy though dream interpretation, free association, resistance, transference.
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During __ __ the therapists first models a problematic situation and then guides the client through steps to cope with it
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participant modeling
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Non-directive
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part of psychodynamic therapy. where a therapist remains neutral and does not interrupt or take directions with the client
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Psychodynamic Therapies
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importance of the unconscious, shorter treatment, more direct approach, childhood experiences, expressing emotions and reexperiencing past events,
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directive
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part of psychodynamic theories. therapist gives interpretations of clients statements and may suggest certain behaviors or actions.
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behavioral therapies
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action therapies based on on classical or operant conditioning, aimed at changing disordered behavior without concern for the original causes of such behavior
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Applied Behavior Analysis or Behavior Modification
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use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behavior. EX: flooding, aversion therapy, modeling, reinforcement, token economy, contingency contract.
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In _____ _____ programs, desirable behaviors are rewarded through the consistent application of operant conditioning principles.
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token economy
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Ellis Rational emotive behavior therapy REBT emphasizes that our ___ systems play a key role in how we function psychologically
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belief |
Cognitive Therapies
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focus on helping the clients recognize distortions in their thinking and replace distorted unrealistic thoughts or beliefs with more realistic helpful thoughts.
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Cognitive behavorial therapy
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helps clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally- Action therapy
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Stress Inoculation Training
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(Meichenbaum) therapist teaches clients to prepare and cope with future stressful life events
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Action Therapy 3 Goals
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relieve symptoms and solve problems, develop strategies for solving new problems, & help change irrational and distorted thinking
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The Dodo bird verdict suggests that all types of psychotherapies are equally _____.
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effective |
Among researchers there is (strong consensus/no consensus) that the Dodo bird verdict is correct
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no concensus
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Research shows that behavioral and cognitive behavioral therapies are (more/less) effective than other treatments for children and adolescents with behavioral problems
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more
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Most studies show that (20 percent/80 percent) of people who receive psychotherapy do better than the average person who does not.
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80 percent.
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Empirically Supported Therapies
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are treatments for specific disorders that are supported by high quality scientific evidence
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Even when they don't improve clients who have invested time money and effort in psychotherapy may convince themselves they been helped this phenomenon known as the____ ___
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self-serving bias
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According to the regression to the mean phenomenon, if a client comes into treatment extremely depressed the chances are ___ that she'll be less depressed in a few weeks.
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high |
Americans spend $650 million a year on ________ the promote self- improvement
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self help books
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the use of medications to treat psychological problems is called
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psychpharmacotherapy |
The first major drug for a psychological disorder, throazine was used to treat what
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schizophrenia |
Prozac and Zolof are among the best know _________ inhibitors
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selective serotonin reputake
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There ___ scientific evidence for an "Optimal level" of serotonin or other neurotransmitters in the brain
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isn't |
people of different cultures and race _____ respond equally to the same dose of medication
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do not
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The safety and effectiveness of SSRIs when prescribed to ___ and ___ have been called into question because of increased risk of suicidal thoughts
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children and adolescence
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The drug Ridalin, used to treat ADHD, is an example of a medication that many feel has been _____ and may substitute for effective coping strategies for focusing attention.
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overperscribed |
During _____ _____ patients receive brief electrical pulses to the brain that produce a seizure to treat serious psychological problems.
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electroconvulsive therapy
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psychosurgery |
a biomedical treatment in which specific areas of the brain are destroyed. causing impaired memory diminished emotion and creativity and personality change
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Electrical Stimualtion to the vagus nerve
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in jigsaw classrooms children cooperate on a multipart project with each child assuming a small but essential role
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