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Distress
effect of stressors
Eustress
effect of positive events or the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and wellbeing
cognitive appraisal approach
states that how people think about a stressor determines how stressful that stressor will become
Primary appraisal
determining the severity of a stressor and classifying it as either a threat or a challenge
secondary appraisal
estimating the resources available to you for coping with the stressor
every day sources of stress
1. Pressure 2. Uncontrollability 3. Frustration 4. Conflict
pressure
urgent demands from outside sources
Uncontrollability
degree of control a person has over a situation
Frustration
blocking of a desired goal
escaped withdrawal
leaving presence of a stressor, either literally or psychologically
approach- approach conflict
choosing between two desirable alternatives
avoidance-avoidance conflict
must choose between two undesirable goals
approach-avoidance conflict
a goal that has both desirable and undesirable aspects
double-approach-avoidance conflict
2 goals with positives and negatives
two parts of the autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic(responds to stress) and Parasympathetic (restores body to normal functioning)
General Adaption Syndrome (GAC)
3 stages of the body's physiological reaction to stress 1. alarm 2. resistance 3. Exhaustion
psychoneuroimmunology
study's stress and its effect on the immune system
Type A personality
ambitious, time conscious, extremely hardworking, high levels of hostility, easily annoyed
Type C Personality
pleasant but repressed person who tends to internalize anger and anxiety
Burnout
negative changes in thoughts, emotions and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration
Problem- Focused coping
eliminate the source of a stress
Emotion focused coping
changes the impact of a stressor by changing the emotional reaction to the stressor
Factors promoting wellness
exercise social activities sleep eating healthy having fun managing time
psychopathology
study of abnormal behavior
In the middle ages ______
people thought mental illnesses were demons
In the renaissance period _____________
there was a medical model that recognized mental illness as a physical disorder
In 1950 a drug called ______ was created
chloropromazine (thorozine)
Thorozine did what?
decreased symptoms of schizophrenia and other mental illnesses
taijin kyofusho
a social phobia with concern that one's body or odor will embarrass or offend others.
amok
episodes of intense sadness and brooding followed by uncontrolled behavior and violence
3 components of anxiety
cognitive physiological behavioral
agoraphobia
fear of going out in public
Generalized anxiety disorder is more prevalent in ______
females and caucasians
somatoform disorders
physical symptoms with psychological origins
hypochondraisis
a preoccupation that you have a serious disease despite no evidence
catastrophic thinking
predicting terrible events despite low probability
People with OCD often have a malfunctioning of the _________
caudate nucleus
Over ____ % of americans will experience a mood disorder. The most common being _____ ____ _____ at 16 %
20, major depressive disorder
___'s cognitive model says that depression is caused by negative beliefs and expectations
Beck
_____ theories see depression as anger at authority figures from childhood turned inward on the self
psychoanalytic
In bipolar disorder you have both ___ and ____ episodes
manic and depressive
phototherapy
the use of lights to treat seasonal affective disorder
Borderline personality disorder
mainly women, marked by instability in mood, identity and impulse control
Narcassistic personality disorder
superficial charm, dishonesty, manipulativeness, self centeredness and risk taking
Dissociative Disorder
feeling detached from yourself
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Two or more distinct personalities
Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia
in addition to normal behavior (delusions and hallucinations)
Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia
absence of normal behavior ( poor speech or attention)
Disorganized Schizophrenia
-bizzare and childish behavior -motor actions are very disordered
Catatonic Schizophrenia
person experiences periods of statue like immobility mixed with occasional frantic bursts of energetic, frantic movement and talking
Paranoid Schizophrenia
person has severe delusions of persecution, grandeur, and jealousy. Hallucinations
Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
person shows no particular pattern, and cannot be classified as any type of Schizophrenia
Residual Schizophrenia
No delusions or hallucinations but the person still experiences negative symptoms
A ______ clinician would look back at childhood and past events
psychodynamic
A _____ clinician focuses on what someone thinks or imagines in critical situations
Cognitive
A ____ clinician is interested in what the client is saying, and is then feeding it back to them
humanistic
A ____ clinician is interested in the genetic history of a patient
Biological
Anxiety medication
benzoziazepines
3 anti-depressants
-tricycylics ( inhibit reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine) -monoamine oxidase inhibitors (destroys enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine) -selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI)
Antimanic drugs
-lithium carbonate -GABA agonist
Antipsychotic drugs
-Phenothiazines -Atypical antipsychotic
Cognitive therapy helps clients to _____
recognize distorted, unrealistic beliefs
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy helps clients by _______
using action therapy in which the goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally
Rational Emotive Therapy
CBT in which clients are directly challenged in their irrational beliefs. They are helped to restructure their thinking to more rational statements
Rogers person centered therapy
-client does all the talking and therapist listens -based on work of Carl Rogers
In which therapy does the therapist help the client to accept all parts of their feelings and subjective experiences, using leading questions and planned role play
Gestalt Therapy

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