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maximalism
using extreme ends to traditional means; seen in dimensions of pitch, form, dynamics; associated with Mahler, Strauss, and early Schoenberg
scientific pitch notation
pitch notation using letter name and number to indicate octave
pitch centricity
the organization of pitch structures around one or more pitch centers, although not necessarily through a system of pitch hierarchies around a tonic
layering/stratification
two or more distinct themes layered on top of each other - ie Rite of Spring
juxtaposition
two or more distinct themes played right after each other to create contrast - ie Rite of Spring
synthesis
taking two or more themes and melding them into new material - ie Rite of Spring
diatonic collection
a collection of pitches that contains seven basic, unaltered pitches that are adjacent to one another on the circle of fifths - ie major and minor scales
modes
Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, Locrian
pentatonic collection
a collection of five pitches
quintal chord
four P5s stacked on top of each other
quartal chord
four P4s stacked on top of each other
added-note chord
chord with an added note, such as an added sixth, fourth, or second
diatonic planing
parallel movement within a key
chromatic planing
parallel movement while keeping the same exact intervals, regardless of key
metric accent
accent resulting from metric organization (ie strong downbeat, weak upbeat)
symmetrical meter
meters that have symmetrical patterns (ie 4/4, 2/4, 3/4)
asymmetrical meter
meters with asymmetrical patterns (ie 5/8, 7/8)
rhythmic accent
nonmetrical accent
agogic accent
accent produced by duration
dynamic accent
accent caused by a dynamic or articulation marking
syncopation
emphasis on the upbeat
hemiola
3 vs. 2 or 2 vs. 3
metric displacement
when a motivic cell is repeated but does not fall on the same part of the beat/measure as before
polymeter
using two or more meters at the same time
polyrhythm
different simultaneous subdivisions of the beat (ie triplets and eighth notes at the same time)
polytonality
multiple tonal centers
polycentricity
multiple pitch centers
interval cycle
a succession of repeated, equal intervals
transpositional combination
a set that can be divided into two ore more segments that relate among themselves by transposition
imitation
the successive statement of the same thematic material in two or more voices
whole tone scale
all whole tones
octatonic scale
alternating semitones and whole tones
hexatonic scale
six note scale with alternating semitones and minor thirds
octave equivalence
C4 and C5 are equal in pitch class, no matter the octave
enharmonic equivalence
D# = Eb
integer notation
using numbers to represent pitch classes (ie C=0, C#=1, etc)
mod 12 math
uses only twelve integers (0-11) to represent pitch classes
pitch
specific letter name and octave (C4)
pitch class
all the Cs on the keyboard, regardless of octave
pitch class space
intervals in the realm of pitch classes
pitch space
intervals between specific notes
ordered pitch interval
the distance between two pitch classes considered in a particular order (the order they appear)
unordered pitch-class interval (interval class)
the smallest interval between two pitch classes
transposition
the interval needed to transpose one pitch class set onto another
transpositional equivalence
two pitch class sets that can be mapped onto one another by adding the same number to each pitch class in the set
inversional equivalence
two pitch class sets that can be mapped onto one another by inversion followed by transposition
inversion
two pitch class sets with the same intervals but in reverse order (ie (014) and (410))
index number
the transpositional operator applied to an inversion
interval class vector
a complete list of all the intervals in a pitch class set
normal order
an arranging of pitch classes in ascending numerical succession, in the smallest interval possible
prime form
a way to describe a set class's interval make-up by starting the set on 0
invariance under transposition
pitches that are the same between two pitch set classes that are transpositionally related
invariance under inversion
pitches that are the same between two pitch set classes that are inversionally related
complement
all the pitch classes not included in a given pitch class set
aggregate
the union of a set and its complement constitutes the collection of all twelve pitches
literal complement
the set that includes the actual pitch classes not included in the original set
abstract complement
the prime form of the literal complement
subset
sets contained in a given set
superset
a set that contains smaller sets
literal subset
a set made up of actual pitch classes included in a given set
abstract subset
any member of the set class that includes a literal subset
pitch symmetry
pitches are symmetric over an axis (ie C,D,F#,G# are symmetric over C#/G) - actual pitches so octave matters
pitch class symmetry
a set of pitch classes are symmetric when put in ascending order (octave doesn't matter)
inversional symmetry
a set that can map itself under inversion
transpositional symmetry
a set that can map onto itself under transposition (ie Aug triad)
segmentation
the division of a musical surface into fragments that we can analyze as pitch-class sets
Viennese Trichord
a trichord with a TT and a P4 stacked on top of each other

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