BIOL-L 104: EXAM 3
58 Cards in this Set
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If short hair(L) is dominant to long hair(l), animals LL and Ll have the same
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phenotypes
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a ribozyme is
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an RNA capable of catalyzing reactions similar to the action of protein enzymes
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an RNA capable of catalyzing reactions similar to the action of protein enzymes
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*extension occurs at the 5' end
*both strands are replicated
*the lagging strand is synthesized using RNA primers
*takes place in the S phase
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the condition occurring when an organism has 2n+1 chromosome composition is known as
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trisomy
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the region in a tRNA that bonds with mRNA during translation is the
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anticodon
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the portions of a gene that are transcribed but not translated are called
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introns
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the place where RNA polymerase first associates with DNA so that transcription can begin is called the __and is located__ of the transcribed region
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promoter, upstream
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at the start of translation the initiator tRNA is base paired with the start codon at __ in the ribosome.
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the P site (peptidyl site)
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An X-linked carrier is a
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heterozygous female
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what are the contributions of James Watson and Francis Crick?
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*established the double stranded nature of DNA
*established the principle of base pairing based on . Franklins data
*explained how DNA's structure permitted it to be replicated
*proposed the concept of the double helix
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replication of DNA in Eukaryotes
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is semi-conservative
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pattern baldness is a trait that is referred to as sex..
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linked
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translation ends when a stop codon is at the __ site, allowing a __ to bind there.
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A, release factor
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suppose the 1st part of a new polypeptide chain being produced in a eukaryotic cell does not have a signal peptide. Where would you expect translation to occur?
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cytoplasm only
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if short hair (L) is dominant to long hair (l) then what fraction of the offspring produced by a cross of Llxll will be homozygous?
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none
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a gene that produces multiple effects is call
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a pleitropic gene
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during meiosis II
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sister chromotids of each chromosome are separated from each other
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DNA replication occurs
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between the gap phases of interphase
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which applies to a cell underling mitosis?
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the daughter cells have identical genes and these genes are identical to those of the mother cell that produced them
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symptoms of phenylketonuria(PKU) may be minimized or suppressed by a diet low in
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phenylalanine
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the TATA box is a key lemon of the __ of most eukaryotic protein-coding genes
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promoter
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a women is diagnosed to have the genetic disease known as Huntington's disorder. It is a rare defect caused by an autosomal dominant allele. the chance for nay one of her children to inherit the disease is
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one out of two
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during elongation stage of transcription
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*RNA nucleotides are added to the transcript
*the transcript grows in the 5'-->3' direction
*RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA
*the double helix reforms behind RNA polymerase
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DNA and RNA are alike in
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*the pentose sugar
*all the nitrogenous bases used to assemble the genetic code
*The number of strands
*their function in genetics
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if one parent has type A blood and the other has type B, what types of blood are possible in their children?
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A,B,AB,&O
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the docking sites on the centromeres are called
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kinetochores
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males tend to be affected in greater numbers by X linked recessive genetic disorders than are females because
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males have only one recessive gene for the disorder
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which is an exception to the principle of independent assortment
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linkage
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examples of post-translational modification
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*phosphorylation
*glycosylation
*attachment to ubiquitin
*quartenary structure folding
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a polysome is
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an mRNA molecule with many ribosomes attached
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the process of removing introns from mRNA and putting the remaining eons together occurs together occurs in a complex called the
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spliceosome
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in what stage of translation doe the peptide bind join 2 amino acids?
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elongation
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which if the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide
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mRNA
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when both the dominant and recessive alleles are expressed (such as pink flower color in snapdragons), that trait is called
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codominant
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the genetic code is made up of units of which consist of how many nucleotides?
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3
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the form of RNA that carries the code from the DNA to the site where the protein is assembled is called
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messenger RNA
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the central dogma describes the flow of information of eukaryotic gene expression as
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DNA-->RNA-->protein
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an autosomal recessive disorder
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will appear only in children of parents who both carry the gene
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the sex chromosome composition of a person with Klinefelter syndrome is most accurately written as
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XXY
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aneuploidy would describe all the following except
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translocation
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crossing over
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increases variability in gametes
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precursor-mRNA (pre-mRNA) typically exists
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only in the nucleus of eukaryotes
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which of the following of conditions exhibits codominance?
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sickle cell anemia
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chromosomes other than those involved in sex determination are known as
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autosomes
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chromatics that are attached at the centromere are called what kind of chromatids?
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sister
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how many different kinds of RNA codons are there in eukaryotes?
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64
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if all the offspring of a test cross are alike and resemble the organism being tested, then that parent is
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homozygous dominant
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the probability of producing a child who suffers from cystic fibrosis by two parents who are carriers for the autosomal recessive disorder is
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25 %
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frameshift mutations may involve
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addition or deletion of one to several base pairs
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centrioles
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are responsible for the orientation of the cell division spindle
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centrioles
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hn RNA
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if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, the resulting cells will have how many chromosomes?
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8
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meiosis typically results in the production of
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4 haploid cells
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__ are large protein complexes that degrade __.
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proteasomes, proteins
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which of the following dominates in the process of transcription?
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RNA polymerase
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Red green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. What is the probability that a color blind woman and a man with normal vision will have a color blind daughter?
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0%
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which of the following best describes homologous chromosomes
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*they may undergo reciprocal exchange of genetic material during meiosis
*they have alleles for the same characteristics even though that gene expression may not be the same
*they are in pairs, one chromosomes of each pair from the father and one from the mother
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all mRNA transcripts begin and end with
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AUG and poly A
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BIOL-L 104: EXAM 3