67 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
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Emotions
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brief, acute changes in conscious experience & physiology
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Moods
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transient changes in affect that fluctuate in longer periods
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Affective Traits
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enduring aspects of personalities
set thresholds for emotional states
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Basic Emotions (6)
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anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise
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Self-Conscious Emotions(5)
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shame, guilt, humiliation, embarrassment, pride
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Broaden-and-build model
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positive emotions widen the cognitive perspective and enhance thinking
|
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Antecedent event
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situation that MAY lead to an emotional response
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Appraisal
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evaluation of situation with respect to relevance to one's own welfare
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Emotional Regulation
|
reevaluation of views of an event for different emotional results
|
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Expressive Suppression
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deliberate attempt to inhibit outward display of an emotion
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Facial Action Coding System (FACS)
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observes muscular movements in face to identify emotions
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Duchenne Smile
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exhibits genuine enjoyment
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Subjective Experience of Emotion
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quality of conscious experience during emotion
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James-Lange theory of emotion
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perception of physiological changes that accompany emotions creates the subjective emotional experience
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Neurocultural theory of emotion
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some aspects of emotion are universal, while others are culture specific
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Display Rules
|
learned norms of when to display emotions
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Emotional Intelligence
|
ability to recognize emotions in oneself and others
|
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Life Satisfaction
|
overall evaluation we have of our lives
|
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Subjective well-being
|
category for life satisfaction
|
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Personality
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unique and enduring set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, motives that characterize an individual
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Trait
|
disposition to behave consistently in a particular way
|
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Behavioral Thresholds
|
point at which you move from not having a particular response to having one
|
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Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Approach
|
look for location of specific DNA on genes that might be associated with particular behaviors
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Temperament
|
biologically based disposition to behave in certain ways
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Trait Theories
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assumes traits/dispositions are major force behind personality
|
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Big Five/Five-Factor model
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describes dimensions of personality
|
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Big Five Personality Dimensions
|
Openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
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Basic Tendencies
|
sum of Big Five dimensions + talents+aptitudes+cognitive abilities
|
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Cortical Arousal
|
how active brain is at resting state & sensitivity to stimulation
|
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Projective Tests
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presenting an ambiguous stimulus or situation to participants and asking them to give their interpretation (ink blobs)
|
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Rorshach Inkblot Test
|
example of a projective test
|
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Rational/face valid
|
involves using reason or theory to come up with questions for personality questionnaire
|
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Empirical Method
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focuses on whether responses to various items differentiate between the groups being studied
|
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Imprinting
|
tendency in animals to observe first large creature they see after birth
|
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Attachment
|
strong emotional connection that happens early in life to keep infants close to parents
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Separation Anxiety
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distress reaction shown by babies when separated from primary caregivers
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Secure Attachment
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infants are happy and initiate contact when mother returns after separation
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Insecure Attachment
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infants lack the ability to engage in effective play and exploration
|
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Insecure-Avoidant attachment
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infant shows no distress in separation and ignores caregiver upon return
|
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Insecure-resistant attachment
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infant cannot be consoled by mother upon return from attachment
|
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Insecure-Disorganized
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infants display odd, conflicted behaviors when mother returns from separation period
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Social Referencing
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make use of social & emotional information from another person
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Emotional Competence
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ability to control emotions and to know when to express them
|
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Social Psychology
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studies effecets of real or imagined presence of others on people's thoughts, feelings, and actions
|
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Social Facilitation
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presence of others improves our own performance on tasks
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Social Loafing
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presence of others causes individuals to relax their standards on tasks
|
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Social norms
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rules about acceptable behavior
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Conformity
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occurs when people adjust behavior to what other people are doing
|
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Informational Social Influence
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when people conform to behavior of others because they view them as a source of knowledge
|
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Normative Social Influence
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when people conform to behavior of others for acceptance
|
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Groupthink
|
thinking of groups take over and cause individuals to forgo critical analysis
|
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Obedience
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yielding to social pressure of authority figure
|
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Attributions
|
inferences we make about causes of other people's behavior
|
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Situational Attributions
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the cause of behavior was based on the situation
|
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Dispositional Attributions
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cause of person's behavior was from within oneself
|
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Self-Serving Bias
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giving yourself situational attributions and others dispositional attributions
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Fundamental Attribution Error
|
most people explain other's behavior with dispositional attributions
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Prosocial Behavior
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benefits other people
|
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Bystander Effect
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the more people there are, the less likely an individual is to help in a situation
|
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Altruism
|
selfless concern for and the giving of aid to others
|
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Kin Selection
|
evolutionary mechanism for helping close relatives/kin
|
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Reciprocal Altruism
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helping others because they may help you later
|
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Social Exchange Theory
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we help others because it can be rewarding
we help only if rewards outweigh the costs of helping
|
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Empathy
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sharing feeling and understandidng about another's situation
|
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Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis
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people offer selfless help if they empathize with the victim
|
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Sexual Strategies Theory
|
men and women approach relationships differently
|
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Triangular Theory of Love
|
intimacy, passion, and commitment are essential elements of love
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PSY 0010: CHAPTER 7