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IB 203: Ecology
Ecology |
from the Greek oikos (household) and logos (study): the study of interrelationships between organisms and their environment. The term was coined in 1866 by German biologist and philosopher Ernest Haeckel, famous also for his discredited but interesting dictum that ontogeny (individual physical development) recapitulates phylogeny (the evolutionary development of its species).
The scientific discipline of ecology encompasses areas from global processes, to the study of marine and terrestrial habitats (middle) to interspecific interactions such as predation and pollination (below). |
ecosystem |
a biotic community and its surroundings, part inorganic (abiotic) and part organic (biotic), the latter including producers, consumers, and decomposers. The term was introduced in 1935 by Sir Arthur Tansley. Social ecologist Murray Bookchin prefers the less mechanical word ecocommunity. Its components are not reducible to the interdependent relationships that emerge from it.
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Biotic |
LIVING
Biotic means relating to, produced by, or caused by living organisms. |
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