Psyc 2380: Prosocial Behaviour
27 Cards in this Set
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Prosocial Behavior
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any act performed with the goal of benefiting another person
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Altruism
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the desire to help another person even if it involves a cost to the helper
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Kin Selection
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the idea that behaviors that help a genetic relative are favored by natural selection
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Norm of Reciprocity
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the expectation that helping others will increase the likelihood that they will help us in the future
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Empathy
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the ability to put oneself in the shoes of another person and to experience events and emotions (e.g., joy and sadness) the way that person experiences them
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empathy-Altruism Hypothesis
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The idea that when we feel empathy for a person, we will attempt to help that person for purely altruistic reasons, regardless of what we have to gain
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Altruistic Personality
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the qualities that cause an individual to help others in a wide variety of situations
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In-Group
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the group with which an individual identifies as a member
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Out-Group
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any group with which an individual does not identify
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Urban Overload Hypothesis
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the theory that people living in cities are constantly bombarded with stimulation and that they keep to themselves to avoid being overwhelmed by it
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Bystander Effect
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The finding that the greater the number of bystanders who witness an emergency, the less likely any one of them is to help
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Pluralistic Ignorance
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the case in which people think that everyone else is interpreting a situation in a certain way, when in fact they are not
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Diffusion of Responsibility
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the phenomenon wherein each bystander's sense of responsibility to help decreases as the number of witnesses increases
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What are ways in which evolutionary theory explains prosocial behavior?
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kin selection
the reciprocity norm
group selection
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True or False: Good moods make us frame situations more positively, and thus we are more likely to give people the benefit of the doubt
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True
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True or False: Helping prolongs good moods.
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True
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True or False: Good moods make us pay more attention to social norms, so we will be more aware of the altruism norm.
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False
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True or False: Good moods increase how much attention we pay to ourselves, which makes u more likely to act according to our values.
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True
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Research on prosocial behavior finds that religious people
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actually help more than nonreligious people, but only if it makes them look good to themselves or to others
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True or False: How often people have moved from one place to another influences how helpful they are.
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True
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True or False: There is no effect of personality on prosocial behavior.
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False
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True or False: Being in a bad mood decreases prosocial behavior.
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False
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True or False: People are much more likely to help members of their in-group than members of an out-group.
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False
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True or False: when people are put in a good mood, they are more likely to help.
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True
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True or False: People in stable communities are more likely to help than people in communities with high residential mobility.
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True
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True or False: When people are put in a bad mood, they are more likely to help.
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True
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True or False: Having an altruistic personality is a strong predictor of helping behavior.
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False
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Psyc 2380: Attitudes and Attitude Change