Psyc 2380: Attitudes and Attitude Change
32 Cards in this Set
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attitudes
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evaluations of people, objects, or ideas
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cognitive component of attitudes
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the thoughts and beliefs that people form about the attitude object
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affective component of attitudes
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people's emotional reaction toward the attitude object
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behavioral component of attitudes
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how people action toward the attitude object
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What are the three components of attitudes?
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cognitive component
affective component
behavioral component
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cognitively based attitude
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an attitude based primarily on beliefs and properties about an object.
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affectively based attitude
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an attitude rooted in emotions and values than on an objective appraisal of pluses and minuses
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operant conditioning
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behaviors we freely choose to perform become more or less frequent, depending on whether they are followed by a reward or punishment
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behaviorally based attitude
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an attitude base on observations of how one behaves toward an object
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self-perception theory
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under certain circumstances people don't know how they feel until they see how they behave
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explicit attitudes
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attitudes that we consciously endorse and can easily report
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implicit attitudes
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attitudes that are involuntary, uncontrollable, and at times unconscious
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________ attitudes are rooted more in people's childhood experiences
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implicit
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_______ attitudes are rooted more in their recent experiences.
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explicit
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persuasive communication
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a communication such as a speech or television advertisement that advocates a particular side of an issue
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Yale Attitude Change Approach
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The study of the conditions under which people are most likely to change their attitudes in response to persuasive messages, focusing on "who said what to whom". The source and nature of the communication and the nature of the audience.
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Elaboration Likelihood Model
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A theory about how attitudes are formed and changed under varying conditions of involvement
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central route to persuasion
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sometimes people elaborate on what they hear, carefully thinking about and processing the content of the communication
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Peripheral Route to Persuasion
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The case whereby people do not elaborate on the arguments in a persuasive communication but are swayed by peripheral cues
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need for cognition
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tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive activity
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fear-arousing communication
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persuasive message that attempts to change people's attitudes by arousing their fears
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attitude inoculation
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a process that helps a target person to resist persuasion attempts by exposing him to a weak version of the arguments
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Reactance Theory
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the idea that when people feel their freedom to perform a certain behavior is threatened, an unpleasant state of reactance is aroused.
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attitude accesibility
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The strength of the association between an attitude object and a person’s evaluation of that object, measured by the speed with which
people can report how they feel about the object
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Theory of planned behavior
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Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control all predict behavioral intentions, which then predicts behavior.
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subliminal messages
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words or pictures that are not consciously perceived but may influence people's judgments, attitudes, and behaviors
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Paige wants to buy a puppy. She does some research and decides to buy an English springer spaniel rather than a Great Dane because they are smaller, more active, and good with children. Which type of attitude influenced her decision?
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cognitively based attitude
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People will be most likely to change their attitudes about smoking if an antismoking advertisement
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uses graphic pictures of the damages of smoking on the body and then provides specific recommendations on how to quit smoking
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Emilia would be most likely to pay attention to facts about the danger of AIDS during a school assembly and remember the facts for a long time if...
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the speaker emphasized how the disease has spread in her community and there isn't anything distracting Emilia from listening
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According to reactance theory, what public service message would be least likely to get people to wear seatbelts?
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"It's the law - you must wear your seatbelt."
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Under which of the following conditions would people be most likely to vote for a political candidate? They...
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know little about the candidate's policies but have positive feelings toward him or her
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On a survey, Milo reports that he agrees with wearing a seatbelt. According to the theory of planned behavior, what else will predict whether Milo will wear a seatbelt on a given day?
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His best friend, Trevor, was in the car and he also wore a seatbelt
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Psyc 2380: Attitudes and Attitude Change