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HA 101: EXAM 3
Mystery Cult
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Only the initiated, or mystae, participated in the cults, which consisted of a series of sequential dramatized actions illustrating the myths associated with the worshiped divinities. - Christianity was one
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Synagogue |
the building where a Jewish assembly or congregation meets for religious worship and instruction.
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House Church
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a charismatic church independent of traditional denominations, especially one meeting in a private house.
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Catacombs |
Cities beneath the city - an underground cemetery consisting of a subterranean gallery with recesses for tombs, as constructed by the ancient Romans.
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Necropolis |
a cemetery, especially a large one belonging to an ancient city
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Orant |
female figure in the posture of prayer in ancient Greek art. 2 : a usually female figure standing with outstretched arms as if in prayer used in early Christian art as a symbol of the faithful dead.
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Syncretism |
the merging or attempted merging of different religions, cultures, or schools of though
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Basilica |
a large oblong hall or building with double colonnades and a semicircular apse, used in ancient Rome as a court of law or for public assemblies.
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Cruciform |
shape of a cross
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Apse |
a large semicircular or polygonal recess in a church, arched or with a domed roof, typically at the eastern end, and usually containing the altar.
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Transept |
(in a cross-shaped church) either of the two parts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from the nave.
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(in a cross-shaped church) either of the two parts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from the nave.
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the central part of a church building, intended to accommodate most of the congregation. In traditional Western churches it is rectangular, separated from the chancel by a step or rail, and from adjacent aisles by pillars.
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Narthex |
an antechamber or large porch in a modern church.
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Atrium |
Atrium |
Clerestory |
the upper part of the nave, choir, and transepts of a large church, containing a series of windows. It is clear of the roofs of the aisles and admits light to the central parts of the building.
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Martyrium |
A martyrium is a structure built at "a site which bears witness to the Christian faith, either by referring to an event in Christ's life or Passion, or by sheltering the grave of a martyr".
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Mausoleum |
a building, especially a large and stately one, housing a tomb or tombs.
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Batistery |
the part of a church used for baptism
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Ambulatory |
a side aisle for people to walk in that goes all the way around the church in a circle
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Inpost Capital |
Looks like a huge basket weaved together - is a projecting block resting on top of a column or embedded in a wall, serving as the base for the springer or lowest voussoir of an arch.
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Gallery |
a balcony, especially a platform or upper floor, projecting from the back or sidewall inside a church or hall, providing space for an audience or musicians
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Pendentive
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a curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arches.
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Squinch |
a straight or arched structure across an interior angle of a square tower to carry a superstructure such as a dome.
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Diptych |
a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels that may be closed like a book.
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Evangelist |
a person who seeks to convert others to the Christian faith, especially by public preaching. - writer of one of the 4 gospels
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Codex |
an ancient manuscript text in book form
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Quire |
four sheets of paper or parchment folded to form eight leaves, as in medieval manuscripts.
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Vellum |
fine parchment made originally from the skin of a calf.
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Icon |
a painting of Jesus Christ or another holy figure, typically in a traditional style on wood, venerated and used as an aid to devotion in the Byzantine and other Eastern Churches.
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Icon |
the rejection or destruction of religious images as heretical; the doctrine of iconoclasts.
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Theotokos |
Mother of God (used in the Eastern Orthodox Church as a title of the Virgin Mary).
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Pantokrator |
the omnipotent lord of the universe : almighty ruler
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the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.
-The Muslim World
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the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.
-The Muslim World
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Muslim |
a follower of the religion of Islam.
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Aniconic
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the practice of or belief in the avoiding or shunning of images of divine beings, prophets or other respected religious figures, or in different manifestations, any human beings or living creatures.
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Mosque |
a Muslim place of worship
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Sahn |
courtyard in Islamic architecture.
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Qibla
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the direction of the Kaaba (the sacred building at Mecca), to which Muslims turn at prayer.
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Mihrab
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a niche in the wall of a mosque, at the point nearest to Mecca, toward which the congregation faces to pray.
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Minbar |
semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla
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Maqsura |
Enclosure in a mosque, situated near the mihrab and minbar, defined by a metal or timber screen, used by a ruler for purposes of protection and status
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Minaret
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a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer.
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Iwan |
is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open.
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Horeshoe Arch |
Instead of the curve of an arch continuing on with the columns on the side, the arch continues on making a horsehoe
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Pointed Arch |
Instead of the curve of an arch continuing on with the columns on the side, the arch continues on making a horsehoe
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Calligraphy |
decorative handwriting or handwritten lettering
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Kufic |
an early angular form of the Arabic alphabet found chiefly in decorative inscriptions.
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Animal Style |
art is characterized by its emphasis on animal motifs
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Anglo-Saxon |
relating to or denoting the Germanic inhabitants of England from their arrival in the 5th century up to the Norman Conquest.
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Cloisonne
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decorative work in which enamel, glass, or gemstones are separated by strips of flattened wire placed edgeways on a metal backing.
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Rune Stone |
a large stone carved with runes by ancient Scandinavians or Anglo-Saxons
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Westwork |
is the monumental, west-facing entrance section of a Carolingian, Ottonian, or Romanesque church. The exterior consists of multiple stories between two towers.
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Monastery |
a building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows.
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Cloister Crafts |
is an open space surrounded by covered walks or open galleries, with open arcades on the inner side, running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangleor garth.
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Scriptorium
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a room set apart for writing, especially one in a monastery where manuscripts were copied.
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Illumination |
lighting or light.
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Illumination |
a publisher's emblem or imprint, especially one on the title page or spine of a book.
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Romanesque |
of or relating to a style of architecture that prevailed in Europe circa 900–1200, although sometimes dated back to the end of the Roman Empire
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Fedualism
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Social organizational system that every body owes something to the people below or above them - peasants owe noble whose land they work on and the noble gives them land and protection
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Pilgrimage |
Christians want to see things that tie them to christ - a pilgrims journey.
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Relics/Reliquary |
Reliquary is a container for relics
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Radiating Chapels |
An apse chapel, in church architecture, is a chapel radiatingtangentially from one of the bays or divisions of the apse.
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Transverse Arch |
arch or rib that runs across a vault
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Rib Vault |
vault that resembles a groined vault but has ribbed arches
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Cluster Piers |
it is cross-shaped in section, with shafts placed in the recesses.
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Portals |
a doorway, gate, or other entrance, especially a large and elaborate one.
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Tympanum |
a vertical recessed triangular space forming the center of a pediment, typically decorated.
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Trumeau |
a section of wall or a pillar between two openings, especially a pillar dividing a large doorway in a church.
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Archivolt |
a band of molding, resembling an architrave, around the lower curve of an arch.
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Pointed Arch
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an arch with a pointed crown, characteristic of Gothic architecture.
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Gothic |
an arch with a pointed crown, characteristic of Gothic architecture.
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Abbot Suger |
Suger was a French abbot, statesmen, historian and one of the earliest patrons of Gothic architecture
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Guild |
a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.
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Master Builder |
. a person skilled in the design and construction of buildings, esp before the foundation of the profession of architecture.
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Flying Buttress
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. a person skilled in the design and construction of buildings, esp before the foundation of the profession of architecture.
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Triforium
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a gallery or arcade above the arches of the nave, choir, and transepts of a church.
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Trefoil |
a small European plant of the pea family with yellow flowers and three-lobed cloverlike leaves.
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Quatrefoil |
an ornamental design of four lobes or leaves as used in architectural tracery, resembling a flower or four-leaf clover.
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Lancet |
a lancet arch or window.
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Rose Window
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a circular window with mullions or tracery radiating in a form suggestive of a rose.
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Tracery |
ornamental stone openwork, typically in the upper part of a Gothic window.
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Stained Glass
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colored glass used to form decorative or pictorial designs, notably for church windows, both by painting and especially by setting contrasting pieces in a lead framework like a mosaic.
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Portal |
a doorway, gate, or other entrance, especially a large and elaborate one.
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Renaissance |
The cultural rebirth that occurred in Europe from roughly the fourteenth through the middle of the seventeenth centuries, based on the rediscovery of the literature of Greece and Rome.
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Humanism |
an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems.
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Trilobed |
(of a leaf shape) divided into three lobes.
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Triptych |
a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.
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Altarpiece |
a work of art, especially a painting on wood, set above and behind an altar.
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Grisaille |
a method of painting in gray monochrome, typically to imitate sculpture.
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Buon Fresco |
technique consists of painting with pigment ground in water on a thin layer of wet, fresh, lime mortar or plaster, for which the Italian word for plaster, intonaco, is used. Because of the chemical makeup of the plaster, a binder is not required.
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Mystery plays
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a popular medieval play based on biblical stories or the lives of the saints.
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Predella
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a step or platform on which an altar is placed, a raised shelf above an altar.
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