90 Cards in this Set
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The American national identity has been most strongly affected by common:
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political beliefs.
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Politics is described as the process that:
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determines whose values will prevail in society.
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Major patterns that characterize politics in the US does not include..
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little or no confidence in capitalism.
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The American political culture contains the following ideas.
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liberty equality diversity unity self-government
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Cultural beliefs are said to be "mythical ideas", which means that they are:
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symbolic postures that reflect partly what is ideal and partly what is real
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Political conflict within a nation is produced by what two social condition?
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scarcity and opposing values
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When compared with citizens in European democracies, Americans:
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emphasize self-reliance and trust in the marketplace for security
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The Americans ideal of equality of oppurtunity has been difficult to attain for all of the following
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African Americans Americans of Chinese descent Native American Inidans women
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The relatively low levels of spending on social welfare in the US most clearly reflects the American ideal of:
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indivualism
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A major characteristic of American politics is pluralsim, which is:
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competition for power among a great many interests of all kinds
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When people are able to control policy decisiions and prevail in political conflicts they are said to have:
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political power
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Fragmentation of authority in American politics is illustrated by its:
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system of checks and balances
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The American commitment to the principle of constituionalism mean that:
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there are limits to the rightful power of government over citizens
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The two kidns of inputs in the political system are termed:
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supports and demands
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When socialist and capitalist elements of economies are combined it is called:
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a mixed economy
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John Locke maintained that a government, if originally put into place by legitimate means, never be reboked legitimately.
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False
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The case of Marbury vs. Madison established the power of the Supreme Court to decide the constitutionality of an act of Congress
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True
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In a parliamentary democracy, policy is made by direct referndum from the people since there is no legislature.
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False
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There is no provision in the U.S. Constitution for any form of direct popular participation in public policymaking, such as a na
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True
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The staggered terms of office for the House, Senate and president were devised by the writers of the Consitution in order to pro
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False
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The U.S. Constitution was an attempt to strike a balance between representatice government and limited government.
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True
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Over time the American national political system has become more responsice to popular majorities
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True
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Federal justices are the only national leaders who can serve for life unless they are impeached or have committed a crime.
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True
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Since presidential electors have been chosen on the basis of popular vote, there has not been a president elected who lost the p
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False
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Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was based on rejection of the elite-centered politics fo President John Adams
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True
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Americans prefer for wealth to be allocated by government direction and control rather than through the marketplace.
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False
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Compared with European democracies, Americans show a weak commitment to equality and social welfare programs.
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True
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A major characteristic of the American political system is its extraordinary emphasis on individual rights.
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True
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The concept of constitutionalism allows for some restrictions to be put on the exercise of individual rights.
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True
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In the case of the United States, the most significant political link between past and present has been its devotion to free mar
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False
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In American society, political conflict can occur over scarcity of resources and access to a guaranteed minimum standard of livi
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False
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Equality of opportunity is not an important concept in the United States.
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False
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The United States has one of the most costly and elaborate sets of programs for the poor and disadvantaged of any of the industr
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False
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Unity is the principle that Americans should be free to act and think as they choose.
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False
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The United States has the world's most elite system of college education.
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False
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Locke's conception of inalienable rights and the legitimacy of the social contract found its most explicit statement in:
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the Declaration of Independence
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The principle of checks and balances is based on the notion that:
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power must be used to offset power
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In Federalist No.10, Madison warns against the dangers of:
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factions
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As part of its power to "check" the courts, Congress has the constitutional authority to:
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decide the # of Supreme Court justices decide the appellate jurisadiction of the Supreme Court impeach and remove federal judges
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In practice, the most significant restraint imposed by Congress on the president is its:
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power to make the laws and appropriate money
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Which goals did the writers of the U.S. Constitution seek for government?
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self-government limited government
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Judged in the context of U.S. history, the most effective constitutional constraint on abuses of power is:
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the separation of powers
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The traditional objection to democratic government is the risk of:
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tyranny of the majority
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Under which principle are minority rights and interests protected by putting restraints on the majority:
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self-government
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Formation of the "grass-roots" political party meant that:
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party politics would be based on participation at the local level by ordinary citizens
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All of the following reforms were accomplished during the Progressive era except:
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direct election of the president
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Charles Beard's thesis about American government is that:
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the Constitution was written to keep power in the hands of an elite
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In arguing that representatives should use their own judgment in deciding how best to serve their constituencies, Edmund Burke s
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trustees
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Under the U.S. government under the Articles of Confederation:
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the states were supreme in power over the national government
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The effectiveness of separation of powers in the United States government is illustrated in your text by:
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the Watergate affair in the Nixon administration
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The "Great Compromise" called called for a Congress based on:
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equal representation in one house and population-based representation in the other house.
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Shays's Rebellion drew attention to:
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the weakness of the national government under the Articles of Confederation
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The writers of the Constitution established a federal system of government because:
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the states already existed as sovereign entities
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Modern day federalism requires the recognition of which of the two following countervailing trends:
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long-term expansion of national authority
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Which one of the following was not one of the results of the Republican Revolution of 1995:
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eliminating the all grant programs to states
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The Constitution allows the states to:
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govern intrastate commerce
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The purpose of the Tenth Amendment was to:
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protect the states against national encroachment.
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In McCulloch v. Maryland , the Supreme Court ruled:
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in favor of national authority
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The doctrine of "dual federalism" maintains that:
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the national government and the states had authority over strictly defined and mutually exclusive domains of policy.
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From the 1860s through the mid-1930s, the Supreme Court's rulings on the commerce clause tended to:
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vigorously support big business at the expense of both national and state authority.
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National authority has greatly expanded in the twentieth century primarily because:
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the states and their citizens have become increasingly interdependent
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Fiscal federalism refers to:
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expenditure of federal funds on programs run in part through state and local governments
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Major types of federal government assistance to states today include:
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categorical grants block grants
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Which one of the following is not a theory concerning the relationship between the power and authority of the states and the fed
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pluralism
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Specific powers assigned to Congress by the Constitution are called:
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enumerated powers
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The term devolution is used to explain:
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the current trend to shift authority from the federal government to state and local governments
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A government is sovereign when it:
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possesses ultimate governing authority over a certain geographical area
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Federalism is the name given to a way to allocate power between the nation and the states.
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True
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The supremacy clause protects state power in providing that state law is supreme to conflicting national law.
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False
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The authority of the national government is specified by the Constitution's enumerated and implied powers. Authority not granted
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True
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In the McCulloch case, the meaning of the "necessary and proper" clause was tested over the issue of whether the national govern
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False
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In 1886, the Supreme Court ruled that corporations were "persons" under the Fourteenth Amendment and thus could protect their pr
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True
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In the twentieth century, the national government expanded its economic power, supported by its superior taxing powers and a bro
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True
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Block grants allow state and local officials to exercise discretion in the national government over the use of federal funds wit
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True
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Under the first national government based on the Articles of Confederation, the American national government was weak because th
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True
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Most countries in the world have a federalist type government similar to that of the United States.
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False
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One constitutional freedom not found in the First Amendment is the right to:
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fair trial
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The individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights were extended by the Fourteenth Amendment to include:
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actions of state and local government
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In the twentieth century, the limitations of freedom of political expression have been defined primarily in terms of:
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national security
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"Justice" in the U.S. criminal justice system is defined primarily in terms of whether:
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the proper procedures for conviction have been followed
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Publication of info known to be false and harmful to a reputation.
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libel
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The legal interpretation of "obscenity" is based on:
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both community and societal standards
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A federal law requiring prayer in public schools would be struck down under the:
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establishment clause
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All except for which one of the following is considered to be a right of procedural due process?
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the right to assembly
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The right of privacy is:
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infered from the content and spirit of rights formally declared in the Bill of Rights
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Free expression can be denied to individuals if it:
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endangers national security wrongly damages the reputation of others
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All of the following are individual protections under the concept of procedural due process except for which one:
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protection from prior restraint
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Which one of the following is not a "test" applied by the Supreme Court to determine whether government action is lawful:
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right to privacy
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The term that refers primarily to procedures that authorities must follow before a person can legitimately be punished for an of
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procedural due process
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The Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona provided that:
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police inform suspects of their rights at the time of arrest
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Study Guide: Exam 1