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CHEM 1211K: CHAPTER 2
Law of Conservation of Mass
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In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed.
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Law of Definite Proportions
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All samples of a given compound,regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their consitituent elements.
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Law of Multiple Proportions
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When two elements (call them A & B) form two different compounds, the masses of elements B that combine with 1 g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers.
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Anions |
negatively charged ions
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Cations
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positively charged ions
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Metals |
found on lower left an middle of Periodic table
-good conductors of heat & electricity
-malleability
-ductility
-shiny
-tend to lose electrons when they undergo chemical changes
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Non Metals
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found on upper right side of Periodic table
-some are solids at room temp. others liquids/gasses
-poor conductors of heat and electricity
-tend to gain electrons when they undergo chemical changes
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Metalloids (semiconductors)
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Show mixed properties; lie across the zig zag line
-intermediate and highly temperature dependent electrical conductivity
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Main-group Elements
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tend to be largely predictable based on their position on the periodic table
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Transition elements/metals
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tend to be less predictable based simply on their position in the periodic table.
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Noble Gases
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are most un-reactive
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Alkali Metals
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re all reactive metals
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Alkaline earth metals
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Fairly reactive
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Halogens
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Very reactive non metals
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Mole (Avagadros Number)
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6.0221421 *10^23 particles
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