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ANTH 1102: FINAL EXAM
Archeology |
The study of past, particularly what is left behind by humans.
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Two divisions
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Prehistoric (pre- Columbus, Europeans) and Historic ( after that).
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Artifact |
Humanly manufactured or modified object.
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Site |
Area of human activity.
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Context
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The location of an artifact in time and space, three dimensional.
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Law of Superposition
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The deeper you go, the older things get.
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Law of Association
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Two (or more) artifacts found in the same layer are contemporary with each other.
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Basic steps of Archeology
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1) Plan
2) Survey
3) Analysis 1
4) Excavation
5) Analysis 2
6) Report |
Plan |
Plan
Questions to answer
affects the rest of process
gather background info
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Survey |
Go out to look for sites
Must be systematic
Pedestrian survey (walk over an area)
Shovel testing
high tech equipment
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Analysis 1
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Look at data from survey. (Sites? what kind? how important?)
3 times the amount of time spent on field work
May do dating techniques
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Excavation |
Diggin individual sites
Grid system
Tranist
Datum (permenet reference point)
Shovels VS. brushes
Recording data while digging
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Analysis 2
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Lab work on excavated materials
more detailed
dating techniques
conservation
cataloging
still three times the amount of time
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Report
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Must tell others results of investigations (Unethical not to)
Includes general public, not just other arch.
Can be report, public presentation, museum exhibit.
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Archeology Example
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Mont Repose
Coosawhatchie
South Carolina
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