THEA 1000: Study Guide

CourseStructure object (97573) - East Carolina University

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Theatre (3 meanings)	a building that houses activities, a physical space an art form a discipline
relationship btwn performer & audience	immediate performer can hear audience audience can and does affect the performer
Literary Art	Novels, short stories, poetry, journalism
Visual Art	Art created to convey expression through a unified visual image
performing arts	theatre, dance, opera, music performed
characteristics of performing arts	movement through time require interpreters and creators require and audience
characteristics of performing art	must have an audience require interpreters and creators movement through time
theatre and the human condition	we enjoy the excitement of the live event has a profound connection to the human condition
theatre and the human condition	we enjoy the excitement of the live event Theatre has a profound connection to the human condition
elements of theatre	audience (willing &captive) performers text or script director theatre spaces (traditional & found) design elements
Elements of Theatre	Audience Performers Text or script Director Theatre Space Design elements
Theatrical Elements in Our Everyday lives	Ceremonies Weddings, graduations, funerals Events Sporting, Corporate, Music, Concerts Décor Restaurants, Malls, Museums, Amusement parks
Traits of a theatre event	Live Immediate Unique
vicarious participation	heart and mind we believe what we see on stage we forget who we are willing suspension of disbelief
aesthetic distance	required for appreciation of the arts spectator separated from performance
creating the text steps	1. selecting the specific subject of the play 2. determine focus and emphasis 3. establish purpose 4. developing dramatic structure 5. creating dramatic characters 6. establishing point of view
Extraordinary Characters	Kings, Presidents, people who whose decisions and actions affect multitudes of people.
quintessential/representative/allegorical characters	typical, ordinary characters who embody or represent an entire group of people
Stock characters	same characters in every play
dominant trait characters	possess an overriding characteristic that governs their behavior
Minor characters	in a drama, those characters who have small, secondary, or supporting roles. These could include soldiers and servants.
narrator/chorus	the narrator speaks directly to the audience and the chorus is a song/dance about the action of the plot and their reaction to it
nonhuman character	character that is not human
critic	observes theatre and comments on it stands between audience and the theatre event knowledgeable and highly sensitive developed set of standards by which to judge theatre
criticism	to find fault to understand and appraise
critics	describe event in greater detail publish in magazines and scholarly journals go beyond articles to books about playwrights, plays, etc. writes for a sophisticated audience
critics	describe the event in greater detail publish in magazines and scholarly journals go beyond articles to books about playwrights, plays, or theatrical movements place event or playwright in larger context writes for a sophisticated audience
criteria for criticism	what is the playwright or production attempting to do? how well has it been done? is it worth doing?
reviewer	report on what has occurred at event publish in newspapers and magazines offer opinions of the event have limited experience
Reviewer	reports on what has occurred at an event publish newspaper and magazines or report for tv offer opinions of the event often have limited experience
dramatic purpose	to entertain to probe the human condition to provide an escape to impart information to put forth an opinion or idea to raise philosophical questions to probe timeless theme to thrill or frighten
Dramatic Purpose	Entertain Probe human conditions Provide and escape Impart information put forth an opinion Raise a philosophical question To probe timeless theme Thrill or frighten
types of conflict	character vs. another character character vs. self character vs. forces of nature character vs. society character vs. supernatural/technology
protagonist	leading character chief or outstanding figure in action the one trying to accomplish something
Protagonist	leading character chief figure in action one trying to accomplish something
antagonist	opposes the protagonist tries to stop protagonist from accomplishing goal
Antagonist	character who opposes the protagonist one trying to stop the protagonist from achieving his goal
climatic (intensive) plot construction	plot is late in story covers a short space of time contains few solid extended scenes occurs in a restricted local such as one house or room small number of characters plot is linear line of action in cause and effect chain
episodic (extensive) plot construction	plot begins early in story covers a long period of time many short, fragmented scenes larger area (entire city or country) many characters sever threads of action scenes juxtaposed to one another
origins of theatre	humans have impulse to create theatre storytelling imitation (how we learn, how kids learn) religious observances ( rituals costuming
origins of theatre	-humans have an impulse to create theatre -storytelling -imitation -religious observances -rituals
Thespis	6th century BCE 1st person to step out of the chorus first actor
thespis	6th century B.C.E. Steps out of the chorus Becomes the "first" actor
Tragedy	Process of imitating an action (mimesis) Serious implications Complete Possess magnitude (it's about things that matter) Through sensuous language (poetic) Enacted by persons; not through narration Catharsis comes about through pity and fear
Tragedy	process of imitating an action (mimesis) Serious implications Complete Possess magnitude Through sensuous language Enacted by persons; not through narration Catharsis comes about through pity and fear
theatre production in Greece	amphitheatres (hill side, 15-17,000 spectators) orchestra (at base of hill, circular playing area) parados (behind playing area, in front of Skene (stage house), entrance and exit) theatron (audience), characters played by men, actors wore masks
Aristotle	The Poetics descriptive criticism six elements of drama: (plot, character, thought, language, music, spectacle)
plot	selection and arrangement of scenes as they appear on stage
exposition	when you find out info from story that's not in plot
thought	what is playwright saying about theme
language	prose- regular narrative verse- poetry (metered speak)
spectacle	what you see (scenery, etc.)
popular entertainment in Rome	Chariot racing Equestrian performances Acrobatics Wrestling Prize fighting Gladiatorial combats-to the death
Natyasastra	study of theatre written by Bharata Muni describes the origin of theatre "encyclopedia of theatrical practice"
No	talent or exhibition of talent defined by harmony of theatrical elements (dance, music, poetry, setting, costumes, mask, interactions btwn performer and audience) emerged from a blend of earlier forms early description is puppet shows, dances, mimes came from Kanami Zeami developed i…
challenges of acting	to acquire many skills (physical and vocal) making characters believable combine skill with credibility
three challenges of acting	-to make characters believable -physical acting the use of the voice and body -synthesis and integration:combining inner and outer skills
three challenges of acting	1. acquire skills both physical and vocal that performances demand 2. make character believable 3. integrate the two and combine skills with crediibility
Performer's body	The performer has to be able to accomplish demanding tasks They must train their bodies to meet any demand
performers voice	They must be able to speak clearly They must be able to project Must strike a balance between credibility and audibility
Stanislavski System	system for training believability identified what actors did naturally and intuitively codified a series of principles and techniques actors have to "reeducate" themselves
Renaissance Era	"rebirth" Late 14th Century to early 17th Century Increase of wealth creates an increase in interest for the arts Humanism Printing press—1450’ Era of exploring and invention
The Renaissance Era	—“Rebirth” —Late 14th Century to early 17th Century —Increase of wealth creates an increase in interest for the arts — Humanism —Printing press—1450’s —Era of exploring and invention
Prescriptive criticism	Ars poetica By: Horace
Commedia dell'arte	made up of families or people who marry into family comedy of professional artists 1550-1750
Commedia dell'Arte	Comedy of professional artists 1550-1750 Commedia companies 10 member(7m-3w) traveling troupe Adaptable Stock characters Scenarios Lazzi
Comedia companies	commedia dell'arte 10 members (7 men, 3 women) traveling troupe adaptable
Lazzi	comic bit (physically done)
Verisimilitude	true to life
unities	time- 24 hrs place- 1 place action- what happens in one day and one space
Unities	Time-1 day Place-one place Action- can only encompass actions that can happen in one day and one place
Spanish Golden Age	1550-1650 spain dominate world power Spanish Armada extended territory all over world Roman catholic despite protestant reform all over Europe
The Spanish Golden Age	1550-1650 Spain was a dominate world power The Spanish Armada Extended territory all over the world Roman catholic despite protestant reform all over Europe Isolationist
Isolationist	spain not influenced by other parts of world
realism	Chekhov of Russia- an attempt to present onstage people and events corresponding to those in everyday life
Stanislavski and acting technique	first to devise method for achieving true, believable performances onstage Emphasis on the instrument, imagination, mental, and analytic capabilities, emotions and action, subtext, specifically, listening
stanislavski/techniques	MAT, society of art and lit, 7 steps of his tech: - relazation concentration/ observation importance of specifics inner truth what why how through line of a role ensamble playing
Magic if	Stanislavski's acting exercise that requires the performer to ask, "how would i react if i were in this characters position
ensemble playing	acting that stresses the total artisic unity of a group performance rather than individual performances
Emotional recall	exercise that helps the performer present realistic emotions; performer feels a character's emotion by thinking of an event in his own life that led to a similar emotion
mime	= to mimic; act like
The term theatre has several meanings	It refers to a building that houses theatrical activities. It is a physical space. It also refers to an Art Form. Lastly, it refers to a discipline.
Theatre	building art form discipline
Relationship between performers and audience	immediate performer can hear audience audience does affect the performer
Categories of Art	literary visual performing
Theatrical elements in our daily lives	Ceremonies Weddings, graduations, funerals Events Sporting, Corporate, Music, Concerts Décor Restaurants, Malls, Museums, Amusement parks
Power of imagination	Vicarious participation Aesthetic distance Willing suspension of disbelief
Creating the text: the tasks involved	1. Selecting the specific subject of the play 2. Determining focus and emphasis 3. Establishing purpose 4.Developing dramatic structure 5.Creating dramatic character 6.Establishing point of view
Types of dramatic characters	-extraordinary -allegorical, representative, or quintessential -stock characters -characters with a dominant trait -minor -narrator or chorus -nonhuman
The Theatre Critic: An audience of one	a critic is someone who observes theatre and analyzes and comments on it -stands btwn the audience and the theatre event -knowledgeable and highly sensitive audience member -differs from an ordinary spectator through knowledge and a developed set of standards by which to judge theatre
Juxtaposition of Characters	Protagonist Antagonist
descriptive criticism	the critic describes careful and accurately what occurs
Perscriptive Critism	Established by Horace(1st century Roman) Can be judgemental
types of productions in Greece	-amphitheaters Hill Side 15000-17000 spectators -orchestra A base at the hill Circular playing -theatron audience
Types of production in Greece	-all characters played by men -actors wore mask -Parodos Behind the playing area In front of the Skene (stage house) Entrance and exit for the actors
Natyasastra (The Study of Theatre)	Writtenby Bharata Muni Describesthe origins of theatre “encyclopediaof theatrical practice”
Sociology	scientific study of the relationship between social structure and human behavior; studied systematically and in groups
Anthropology	study of man
Physical anthropology	study of evolution
Cultural anthropology	study of present culture and their recent past
Sociological Theory	everything that exists serves a function
Manifest function	states the obvious
Latent functions	unintended or hidden
Anomie	the weakening of the self in a pluralistic society
conflict theory	focuses on the inequalities in social structures; seeks to determine who benefits from arrangement and who is exploited
Bourgeoisie	ruling class
Proletariat	working class
class consciousness	the realization by a group of people that they are being exploited; most important step to social class
Dyads	groups of 2; stable and strong
Triads	groups of 3; unstable and conflicted
Dyads and Triads was thought of by:	Simmel
Functionalism was thought of by:	Emile Durkheim
symbolic interactionism	focuses on the meanings which arise from social interactions
social interactions was thought of by:	Max Weber
verstehen	understanding social actors on their own terms
value free	beliefs that values should not affect social research
research methodology	method by which data or information is acquired
inaccurate observation	perceiving something that did not occur or perceiving events differently than they actually occured
steps in designing a research study	1. formulate a research question 2. review the literature 3. formulate a hypothesis 4. define the variables 5. collect data
Institutional Review Board (IRB)	responsible for ensuring ethics when using human subjects
control vs experimental group	control group receives no experimental treatment and experimental group receives experimental treatment
Participant observation	where the researcher usually plays a roll in the group or setting being observed
surveys (3 types)	1. questionnaires 2. telephone interviews(CATI) 3. face to face interview (most expensive)
culture	a set of shared ideas
types of culture	material vs non-material(ideas,values) ideal(way society presents itself) vs real(how it really is)
elements of culture	-symbols-stands for or represents something -values-shared standard of what is desirable -beliefs-something you think is true -norms-standard of behavior
types of norms	-folkway(etiquette):way to behave -laws(enacted norms):critical to the function of society -mores(taboos):if it wasn't against the law you still wouldn't do it
cultural universals	practices found in every society
ethnocentrism	acceptance of the culturally alike, and rejection of the culturally different(like was is like you and don't like what is different)
xenocentrism	rejection of the culturally alike and acceptance of the culturally different(like what is different and don't like what is alike)
status	the structural position in a social system(ranking or title)
ascribed	a status you are born into;unchangable
achieved	what you have earned
socioenomic status (SES)	Power + Privilege + Prestige
role	a pattern of behavior appropriate for a given status
role conflict	inconsistencies across the demands of one's status
role strain	inconsistencies within one status
master status	predominant status we hold
properties of a group (3)	1. social boundaries-distinction between members and non members 2.common expectation or goal 3.internal structure or hierarchy
reference group	a group whos standards apply to one's self
primary group	characterized by intimate, multiplex, expressive relations
secondary group	characterized by impersonal, uniplex, instrumental relations
in-groups	those we feel a part of
out-groups	those we don't feel apart of
Institutions	large scale social structures which meet basic social needs
5 traditional institutions	1.family-reproduction 2.education-instills culture 3.economic-produce and distribute material resources 4.political-organize decision making and maintain social class 5.religion-provides a framework of meaning
Director	the person responsible for the overall unity of a production and for coordinating the work of contributing artists.
Spine	In the Stanislavski method, a character's dominant desire or motivation; usually thought of as an action and expressed as a verb
Casting	assigning roles to performers in a production; this is usually done by the director
Blocking	Patter and arrangement of performers movements onstage with respect to each other and to the stage space, usually set by the director
Design Conceptualization	Director is responsible for conceptualization of the design elements Lighting Sound Scenery Costume Director makes choices about what the visual aesthetic of the production
Stage picture	Visual composition: how an entire scene onstage will appear to the audience
Pace	Rate at which a performance is played
Technical rehersal	Rehersal at which all the design and technical elements are brought together
Run-through	Rehersal in which the cast goes through the entire text of the play in the order that it will be performed
Stage Manager	Person who coordinates all the rehearsals for the director and runs the actual show during its performances
Dramaturg	Literary manager or dramatic adviser of a theatre company; discovering and reading new plays, working with playwrights etc.
Producer	person responsible for the business side of a production, including raising the necessary money.
Proscenium Stage	Arch or frame surrounding the stage opening in a box or picture stage; ideal for spectacle and allows for realistic settings
Proscenium arch	the frame that separates the stage from the audience; introduced during the italian renaissance in early 17th century
Rake	upward slope of the stage floor away from the audience
Orchestra	ground-floor seating in an auditorium; also a circular playing space in ancient greek theatre's
Deep configuration	...
Fly loft	Space above the stage where scenery may be lifted out of sight by means of ropes and pulleys
Thrust stage	Theatre space in which the audience sits on three sides of the stage; at the back of the stage is where actors enter/exit (facade of the stage house) offers a sense of intimacy
Arena Stage	Offers the most intimacy; theatre-in-the-round; creates "unconscious communion"; economically viable
Created or Found Space	Using a space not designed for theatre production; street corner, Public park, Steps of governement building
Street Theatre	Bring theatre to the people; usually political or moral purpose
Multifocus theatre	Theatre in which something is going on simultaneously in several playing areas; like three-ring circus, more like everyday life; gives audience choice of where to focus; multimedia theatre
All purpose and experimental spaces Black Box	A theatre space that is open, flexible, and adaptable, usually without fixed seating or a permanent stage area. It is economical and particularly well suited to experimental work
Scene shop	Technical Director; builds all our shows; student workers
Paint shop	Props; Paintcharge- the person responsible for seeing that all painting of scenery is carried out in accordance with the specifications of the designer
Costume shop	Pull- to choose a costume from an inventory owned by a theatre company Build- creating a costume from scratch Shop manager
Studio Space	Rehearsal Small Shows
Fly System	Arbor- the weights that raise or drop the batten Batten- are the linear bars that hold the loads to be raised Single purchase- Double purchase-
Cyclorama	large curtain or wall positioned in the back of the stage
Scrim	thin, open-weave fabric which is nearly transparent when lit from behind and opaque when lit from the front
Plaster-line	refers to the upstage edge of the proscenium line; the border where things can be placed on stage
Call boards	Literally a backstage bulletin board which contains information about a theatrical production including contact sheets, schedules, rehearsal time changes, etc
Scene Designer's Objectivies	1. Help set the tone and style of the production 2. Establish the locale and period in which the play takes place 3. Develop a design concept consistent with the director's concept 4.Provide a central image or metaphor, where appropriate 5. Ensure that scenery is coordinated with othe…
Elements of design	1. Line 2. Mass 3. Composition 4. Texture 5. Color
Wagon	Low platform mounted on wheels or casters by means of which scenery is moved on- and offstage
Treadmill	used to carry performers or props from one side of stage to other
Turntable	circle set in the floor to bring one set into view as another disappears
Flat	usually canvas stretched on wood to form walls separating parts of the stage
Materials and devices of scene design	-A wagon -Treadmill -Turntable -Fly loft -Ramps -Platforms -The flat -The scrim
Steps in the Design Process	Read the script meet with director to discuss concept develop thumbnail sketches and rough plans With further consulation with the director, the designer will come up with renderings Once rendering is approved, the designer will make a model last step produce tech drawings
Costumes can suggest:	Position and status Gender Occupation Flamboyance or modesty Independence or regimentation Occasion
Objectives of Lighting Design	1. Provide visibility 2. Help establish time and place 3. Help create a mood 4. Reinforce the style of the production 5. Provide focus onstage and create visual compositions 6. Establish rhythm of visual movement
Elements of Stage Lighting	Intensity Color Direction Form Movement
Additive color theory	states that mixing the three primary colors of light creates white light
Form in light is created by	utilizing a gobo (like a pattern inside the light housing)
Scene Designer's Collaborators	Technical Director Property designer Scenic Charge artist Paint charge artist stagehand property crew fly crew
Technical Director	Person who oversees all technical aspects of a theatre production, especially the building, painting, and installation of scenery and related elements
Property designer	person who creates and executes all props
Scenic charge artist	person responsible for seeing that the sets are built and painted according to the specifications of the designer
Paint charge artist	person responsible for seeing that all painting of scenery is carried out in accordance with the specifications of the designer
Sound Designer	Amplification Sound effects sound reproduction sound reinforcement motivated sound environmental sound volume and pitch


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THEA 1000: Study Guide

198 Cards in this Set

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