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BIOL 2130: EXAM 5
the walls of the alveoli are composed of the types of cells, type 1 and type 2. The function of type 2 is
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to secrete surfactant
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Intrapulmonary pressure is the |
pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
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the relationship between the pressure and volume of gases is given by
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Boyle's law
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the statement, "in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of gases in the mixture" paraphrases:
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Dalton's Law
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surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by
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interfering with the cohesiveness of water molecules, thereby reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid
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Nerve impulses from ________ will result in inspiration
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The dorsal respiratory group
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Which of the following is not an event necessary to supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide?
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blood pH adjustment
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tidal volume is air that is:
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exchanged during normal breathing
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respiratory control centers are located in the
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Medulla and Pons
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the amount of air that can be inspired above the tidal volume is called
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inspiratory reserve
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oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and through all cell membranes by
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diffusion
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which respiratory associated muscles would contract if you were to blow up a balloon
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the internal intercostals and abdominal muscles would contract
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which of the following provide the greatest surface area for gas exchange
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alveoli
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the respiratory membrane is a combination of
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Alveolar and Capillary walls, and their fused basal lamina
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which center(s) is (are) located in the pons
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pneumotaxic |
if oxygen exerts 159mmHg at sea level, then nitrogen exerts _______mmHg
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601
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most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the
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ciliated mucous lining in the nose
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in mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, the rescuer blows air from his/her own respiratory system into that of the victim, thus:
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expansion of the victims lungs is brought about by blowing air in at a higher than atmospheric pressure (passive pressure breathing)
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lack of type II cells in the lungs would account for
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All of the Above
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a person reports a stabbing victim as "gasping for air" the reason behind this is
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an equalization between atmospheric pressure and intrapulmonary pressure
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air enters the lung due to what principle
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all of the above
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an increase in pulmonary pressure will lead to
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none of the above
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the major inspiratory muscle is the
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diaphragm
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expiration of air is due to
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all of the above
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oxygen is driven into the tissue at what approximate partial pressure?
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-104 to 40
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an equation of partial pressures of carbon dioxide at the alveolus and the blood would lead to
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retention of CO2 and decreased pH
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as oxygen and carbon dioxide travel through the body, blood, and tissues, the major driving force that removes or adds them to the alveolus or tissues is
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a difference in respective partial pressures
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an increase in carbon dioxide and temperature could result in the following
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none of the above
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an absence of carbonic anhydrase could result in the following
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all of the above
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an increase in carbon dioxide levels could directly affect
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all of the above
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as you descend into depths of water, it would theoretically be easier to breathe (if you could through water)
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true |
as you ascend in altitude, it becomes more difficult to breathe due to the lack of oxygen in the atmosphere
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false |
in the rbc, carbon dioxide and water, will without assistance, form carbonic acid
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false
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underwater, with a breathing source, if you inhaled, your lungs would remian the exact same shape as you ascended if you never exhaled
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false
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inspiration is a passive process that creates a negative pressure inside the lungs, relative to the atmospheric pressure
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false
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the diaphragm is directly responsible for increased volume and decreased pressure (relative to atmospheric) in inspiration
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true
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the natural tendency of the lungs is to recoil or assume a smaller shape in inspiration
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true |
the partial pressure of oxygen is greater in the tissues than in the blood and that difference of pressure is what drives oxygen into the tissues
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false
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inspiration of the air is similar to pulling or removing air from the surrounding area
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false
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as oxygen binds to hemoglobin, the next molecule of oxygen can bind easier, this is known as competitive binding
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false
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