Biology 211 Sample Exam 2 Chapters 18, 19, 22: Heart/ Circulation/ RespiratoryThe exam only is on pages 1 - 11, the exam with the answers highlighted is on pages 12-22.1. The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to:A. Pump more bloodB. Pump blood through a smaller valve.C. Pump blood with a greater pressureD. Expand the thoracic cage during diastole.E. Push blood into the lungs.2. The P wave of a normal electrocardiogram indicates:A. Atrial depolarizationB. Ventricular depolarizationC. Atrial repolarizationD. Ventricular repolarizationE. Tachycardia3. Blood in the pulmonary veins enters:A. Right atriumB. Left atriumC. Right ventricleD. Left ventricleE. Lung4. The presence of fatty plaques in large and medium arteries best defines:A. Congestive heart failureB. HypertensionC. ObesityD. AtherosclerosisE. Arteriosclerosis5. Blood enters which of these vessels during ventricular systole?A. AortaB. Pulmonary arteryC. Pulmonary veinD. Aorta and pulmonary arteryE. Aorta and pulmonary vein6. Small muscle masses attached to the chordae tendineae are the:A. Trabeculae carneae1B. Papillary musclesC. Pectinate musclesD. Interventricular septum7. Which of the following is not part of the conduction system of the heart?A. AV nodeB. Bundle of HisC. AV valveD. SA node8. Blood is carried to capillaries in the myocardium by way of:A. The coronary sinusB. Fossa ovaleC. Coronary arteriesD. Coronary veins9. The tricuspid valve is closed:A. While the ventricle is in diastoleB. By the movement of blood from atrium to ventricleC. While atrium is contractingD. When the ventricle is in systoleE. During all of the aboveMatch the followingA. MyocardiumB. EpicardiumC. EndocardiumD. Parietal pericardium10. The outermost layer of the pericardial sac D11. The inside lining of the heart C12. Heart muscle A13. Serous membrane layer outside or covering the surface of the heart B14. Which statement best describes arteries?A. All carry oxygenated blood to the heart.B. All contain valves to prevent the back-flow of blood.C. All carry blood away from the heartD. Only large arteries are lined with endotheliumE. Only muscular arteries contain smooth muscle.215. Which of the following are involved directly in pulmonary circulation?A. Superior vena cava, right atrium, and left ventricleB. Inferior vena cava, right atrium, and left ventricleC. Right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and left atriumD. Left ventricle, aorta, and inferior vena cavaE. Right atrium, aorta, left ventricle16. Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?A. IntimaB. MediaC. ExternaD. Adventitia17. Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primaryfunction of:A. CapillariesB. ArteriesC. VeinsD. Arterioles18. The arteries that directly feed the capillary beds are called:A. Muscular arteriesB. ArteriolesC. Elastic arteriesD. Aorta19. Factors which aid venous return include all except:A. Activity of skeletal musclesB. Pressure changes in the abdominal and thoracic cavities during respirationC. Venous valvesD. Greater uriinary outputPeripheral resistance (Answer A for TRUE and B for FALSE)20. Increases as blood viscosity increases 21. Decreases with increasing length of blood vessel 22. Increases as blood vessel diameter increases MATCHA. Large arteriesB. Arterioles3C. CapillariesD. VenulesE. Large veins23. Site where resistance to blood flow is greatest 24. Site where blood is flowing fastest 25. Site where blood is flowing slowest 26. Site where histamine increases permeability 27. Site where blood pressure is greatest 28. Site where exchanges of nutrients and gases are made 29. Slowing down the heart rate is a function of the:A. Parasympathetic nervous systemB. Sympathetic nervous systemC. SA nodeD. EpinephrineE. AV node30. The structure of a capillary wall differs from the wall of a vein or artery because:A. It has two tunics instead of one.B. There is less smooth muscle.C. It is a single layer - only a tunica intima.D. There are no endothelial cells.431. Which sequence of events best represents the intrinsic conduction of an impulse through theheart?1. Sinoatrial node2. Atrioventricular node3. Purkinje fibers4. Bundle of HISA. 1, 4, 3, 2B. 1, 2, 3, 4, C. 1, 3, 2, 4D. 1, 2, 4, 332. Arterial blood pressure increases if:A. Blood volume is lostB. Peripheral resistance fallsC. Peripheral resistance increasesD. Viscosity of the blood decreasesE. Maximal vasodilation is achieved33. The normal pacemaker of the heart is the:A. A-V NodeB. Bundle of HISC. Purkinje fibersD. S-A Node34. Arterial blood pressure depends on:A. Cardiac outputB. Blood volumeC. Peripheral resistanceD. All of these35. Cardiac output equals:A. Stroke volume times heart rateB. Heart rate divided by stroke volumeC. Stroke volume plus heart rateD. Heart rate times blood pressure36. The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the:A. Tricuspid valveB. Bicuspid valve (Mitral)5C. Aortic semilunar valveD. Pulmonic semilunar valveE. No valve is needed37. A heart rate less than 60 beats a minute is:A. TachycardiaB. BradycardiaC. Normal sinus rhythymD. Heart blockE. Atherosclerosis38. Smooth muscle and elastin of vessels would be found in the:A. Tunica mediaB. Tunica adventitiaC. Tunica intimaD. Vaso vasorum39. The mean arterial blood pressure is:A. The average of the systolic and diastolic pressureB. Closer to the systolic pressureC. Closer to the diastolic pressureD. The pulse pressure40. If the atrioventricular valves are open during ventricular systole the blood would:A. Exit via the arteriesB. Enter the atriaC. Enter the lungsD. Remain in the ventricles41. Pressure in the left ventricle must exceed the pressure in the to eject blood into thesystemic circuit.A. Pulmonary arteryB. Brachiocephalic arteryC. Left atriumD. Right ventricleE. Aorta42. The quiescent phase, or relaxation of all chambers in the cardiac cycle, is during:A. QRS complexB. Ventricular systoleC. The interval between the end of the T wave and P wave6D. Interval preceding the QRS complexE. Atrial systole743. The flow of blood from the cerebral circulation:1. Right atrium2. Left atrium3. Pulmonary vein4. Pulmonary artery5. Left ventricle 6. Right ventricle7. Carotid artery8. Jugular vein (returns blood from the head and is near carotid artery)9. Inferior vena cava10.Superior vena cava11.Aortic arch12.Abdominal aorta13.Thoracic aorta14.LungsA. 10,1,6,3,14,4,2,5,11,12,13,8 B.