6th Edition WFSC 403 Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture I BP a Have to have some limited resources II Concept in the field a Important III Mechanisms for avoiding competition IV Evolution of competition ability a r b K c Alpha V Apparent competition and indirect effects a Cause effect correlation Outline of Current Lecture I Chapter 10 a Evolution of competition ability b Apparent competition and indirect effects II Basic concepts and definitions chapter 11 III Theory of predation Current Lecture Connection between r selected k selected alpha selected o r constant rate as population increases o r never gets close to K It builds up and then crashes down o K selected spend the whole time at k level Resource competition is synonymous with scramble competition Alpha competition signifies competition between populations o Doesn t have to be high density Idea ritulization happens before resources are lost Fig 10 25 o 3 is indirect via shared enemy 1 population increases the other population decreases Different trophic levels could be a herbivore being eaten BP buyers beware These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Correlation between species Predation o Fig 11 1 A is the same as the number 2 of figure 10 25 B no direct competition P1 goes up when eat more H1 which will decrease If h1 out competes H2 it will increase H1 and H2 are directly related 4 types of predation o Herbivore plants o Animals animals Grant says not really predation o Parasitoids parasites host Fuzzy meaning as well also Grant feels should be separated into two o Cannibalism Functional difference o Herbivore doesn t remove from population as opposed to animals Predation is often killing moving another population o Parasites functionally are not removing anything o Parasitoids do kill host and lay eggs o Cannibalism is predator and prey are the same population Grant says he would say there are 5 types of population Graphs of them o Time Lags Prey can go up and there will be a time lag where the predator will then increase Prey decreases predator lags and then decreases Prey will bottom out then increase There are not enough predators and so the prey will continue to increase Eventually the cycle starts over again as the predators increase N t 1 1 Bz t N t CN tP t CN t Pt is the per capita prey vs per capita predator C is constant o Page 144 figure 9 2 equation 9 4 exactly the same equation without CN tPt o P t 1 QN t P t Q is constant N t is constant exponentially increase in predator is little r o Equation won t work for cannabilism Ability of predator to transfer prey into more predators K2 K3 is death rate predator absence prey exponentially decrease
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