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UConn COMM 1000 - Conflict and negotiation

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Comm 1000 1st editionLecture 12Outline of last lecture l. Context: Climate or social-psychological context ll. Kapp’s-Life cycle model lll. Duck’s stage Outline of current lecture lV. Conflict defined V. Levels of Conflict Vl. Stages of Conflict Vll. Kilmann and Thomas Model of Conflict Resolution Current lecture lV. Conflict defined A. Conflict is defined as “an expression struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from others in achieving their goals.B. Expressed struggle (the need to exchange of messages)C. Interdependence (actions of one party must affect the other)D. Perceived incompatible goals (goals need not be truly different, only be perceived as such E. Perceived scarce recourses (again, resources may be truly limited or simply seen as limited)- “Scarcity mentality” think that “ your gain is my loss”- “Abundance mentality” thinks that there is plenty to go around and that all can benefit F. Perceived interference (see other party as a barrier to reaching goals)V. Levels of Conflict A. Intrapersonal refers to conflicting states within an individual - May not qualify as a true conflict because there is only one party - Evidence suggest: more likely to engage in conflicts with others B. Interpersonal refers to conflict between people- Most basic unit of conflict - Parties usually communicate directly - Most common type of workplace conflict C. Intragroup conflict occurs within a single group - This may be especially true of groups with cultural differences - Study of Chinese and U.S. conflict among friends and strangers- In the U.S. less conflict with stranger/also led to poorer performance - Also greater comfort with conflict in U.S. groups of friends led to better performanceComm 1000 1st edition- Performance of Chinese group of friends and strangers suffered with conflict D. Intergroup conflict occurs between groups - At this level, representatives are often used to communicate - This is likely the most complicated level of conflict - This can include conflict between civilization or large ethnic groups- Issues of inclusion in the European Union and NATA expansion are pratical examples of such issues Vl. Stages of Conflict A. Latent conflict and emergence - Opposing goals/potential conflict - Trigger events creates more overt conflict- Listening can prevent development of conflict - Avoid - Read body language carefullyB. Escalation and resolution - Once overt, conflict often escalates- Stalemate often the result- Even resolved conflicts have pitfalls C. Stages can varyVll. Kilmann and Thomas Model of Conflict Resolution A. Avoidance (no win?-no lose?), Avoidance strategies seek to avoid dealing with conflict - Avoidance Strategies include - Denial (deny that a problem exist)- Underresponsiveness (Fail to acknowledge a problem)- Shifting/avoiding topics - Semantic focus (focus on words instead of issues)- Postponement (agree to delay discussion of problem)- Advantages of avoidance include prevention of potential escalation of the conflict - Disadvantage of avoidance include lack of resolution of conflict, increased tension and potential for eruptionB. Competition (win-lose), competition is characterized by attempts to “defeat” the other party - Strategies used in competition include a range of behaviors such as:- Faulting other party- Hostile questioning - Hostile Joking - Presumptive attribution - Prescription - Advantages of the competitive approach stimulates of creativity and energyComm 1000 1st edition- Disadvantage include possible harm to relationship and forcing the other partyto resort to “underground” tactics like sabotage C. Compromise (win/lose-win/lose), Compromise refers to sacrifices that can be either mutual or counterproductive - Advantage of compromise include the possibility of easy resolution of the conflict - Disadvantages are the use of compromise as an easy way out of truly resolvingthe conflict and prevention of more creative and satisfying solutions. D. Accommodation (lose-win), Accommodation refers to the sacrifice of one’s own goals for the sake of harmony - Continued use results in chronic suppression of needs that will surface eventually- Advantage of the approach: It reflect commitment concern for the relationship - Disadvantage of accommodation is that it can be one-sidedE. Collaboration (win-win), collaboration involves both parties working cooperatively toward a solution - This approach requires greatest commitment to relationship - Collaboration (limiting discussion to issues at hand)- Qualification (limiting discussion to issue at hand)- Exchange of needs and feelings- Show of empathy and support - Emphasis on commonalities - Acceptance of responsibility - Initiation of problem solving - Leads to the most effective resolution - Disadvantage is that it requires cooperation of both


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UConn COMM 1000 - Conflict and negotiation

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